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TIMELINE CARDS A new federal government divided into three equal branches was created with the adoption of the Constitution of the United States. Scientists think the first people of the Americas crossed a land bridge from Asia. Britain’s rulers imposed new taxes on the American colonists and tried to control the colonies with their laws. Spain’s Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztecs in present-day Mexico, and Spanish rule spread throughout North America. While looking for a new route to Asia, Christopher Columbus found the North American continent. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States; the expeditions of Lewis and Clark helped to build knowledge of the West. Early civilizations of the Americas included the Mound Builders and the Ancient Pueblo. Thousands of enslaved Africans were brought to the colonies and forced to work on tobacco plantations. The American Revolution began with George Washington leading the American Rebels. The Spanish settle in St. Augustine, Florida, the oldest U.S. city. The American colonies proclaimed their freedom in the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson. The Pilgrims and the Puritans brought large numbers of English people to North America. English settlers established Jamestown, Virginia. Great Britain defeated France in the French & Indian War, taking over the French colony, New France, east of the Mississippi River.