Download 50115Xm1

_________________________
Name
____________
SU ID
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of Last Name (For arranging
the Exams in Alphabetical order)
BIO 501 Biology of Cancer
First Hourly Exam, February 17, 2015
First Exam
100 Points
Filename: 50115Xm1.doc
I.
Matching
(25 Points)
______
II.
One word or short answer responses
(20 Points)
______
III. Meaning of Graphics
(50 Points)
A.
501Intro
(10 Pts)
______
B.
Clinical Manifestations of Cancer
(10 Pts
______
C.
Epidemiology of Cancer
(10 Pts)
______
D
Definitions, Classifications
(10 Pts
______
E.
Model Systems
(10 Pts)
______
IV. Videos or Hand-outs in Class
( 5 pts)
Total out of 100 Pts
______
Next Page:
I. Matching. (25 Pts). The 25 items in column A have a best matching item in Column B. Insert next to the number
in Column A the letter for the item from Column B that best matches the item in Column A. Each item in Column B
can be used only once. If an item is used more than once it will be marked incorrect wherever it appears. You are
looking for the optimal match, not for one that just comes close.
p. 2
I. Matching. (25 Pts).
Column A
1. G
Astrocytes
Column B
A. Sheet-like cancer of epithelial origin
2.
N
Immortality
B. Can cause senescence in dividing cells
3.
A
Squamous carcinoma
C. Increases risk of breast cancer
4.
S
Metaplasia (example)
D. Decreases risk of breast cancer
5.
P
Adenocarcinoma
E. Associated with stomach cancer incidence patterns
6.
C
Having no natural-born children
F. Can affect cell shape, cell adhesion, and cell motility
7.
W
G. Supporting cells in the brain
8.
T
Over-expression or mis-expression
of a receptor on breast cancer cells
aneuploidy
9.
E
Helicobacter pylori infection
I. Neoplasm brain tissue origin
10. B
Shortening of telomeres
J. Neoplasm of striated muscle cell origin
11. X
K. Can lead to activation of cancer-causing genes
12. I
Leading cause of cancer deaths in
women
Astrocytoma or glioblastoma
13. F
cytoskeletal anaplasia
M. Can have early onset multifocal incidence pattern
14. M
Bilateral retinoblastoma
N. Phenotypic characteristic of many cancer cells in culture
15. R
Genomic instability and selection
O. Hepatitis B Virus
16. V
Onco-fetal gene products
P. Sac-like or glandular neoplasm of epithelial cell origin
17. H
Bivalent growth factors
Q. Ewing's sarcoma
18. O
R. Can lead to drug resistance during treatment
19. U
Can lead to hepatocellular
carcinoma
Genetic drift
20. D
Lower dietary fat and body mass
T. Abnormal number and form of chromosomes
21. J
Rhabdomyosarcoma
U. Can happen when cell lines are passaged repeatedly
22. K
Fusion protein gene product
V. Often re-expressed in cancer cells
23. Y
Protease inhibitors
W. Target for Herceptin
24. L
Route of metastatic spread
X. Lung cancer
25. Q
form of bone cancer
Y. Might inhibit invasion
H. Can cross-link receptors in the membrane of a cell
L. The lymphatic system
S. Ciliated epithelium replaced by squamous epithelium
p.3
II. (20 Points). One-word or two word responses only. We will read only the first two words. You can use commonly accepted
abbreviations .
1
A specific kind of cancer can show an apparent increased incidence
but this may not mean an actual increase in the number of cases of
that cancer. What could produce that kind of result?
2
3
Malignancy is defined by two properties that a malignant
neoplasm expresses. One of these is:
The other property or ability that defines malignancy is
___________
4
We speak of lymphoblasts, neuroblasts, and other “blasts”. What
does the “blast” connote?
5
A neoplasm called “Hodgkin’s Disease” is what kind of cancer in
terms of histogenic tissue of origin?
6
When a cancer cell is disorganized in terms of cell structure within
the cell itself, this feature is called cellular _______
7
Cancers of connective tissue origin are collectively called
___________ (histogenetic type)
8
If a stem cell that is programmed to produce red blood cells fails to
renew itself when it divides, what will happen to the erythrocyte
levels?
“SC” as a site for tumor challenge or treatment stands for
Sub-______________.
9
10
Glioblastoma multiforme is a form of primary cancer of ________
(what tissue or organ?)
11
Some cancers are designated as “IS”. What does “IS” stand for or
mean?
12
Genetically programmed cell death is specifically called
13
Xenogeneic means
14
Avastin is a treatment that deprives a cancer of
15
There is a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the breast. What is the
“adeno” part referring to or what does “adeno” mean?
16
Helicobacter pylori is an important causative agent for
___________________ cancer.
17
Multiple myeloma refers to multiple tumors of myeloid
origin that are in the ____________ _______________.
18
Hematopoietic pluripotent stem cells produce differentiated cells in
two lineages. One of these is the __ __ __ __ __ __ __ lineage.
19
The other is the ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ _____ linage
20
We can do human xenografts into SCID mice or into Athymic
(Nude) mice. What property do these mice have that permits this
kind of transplant?
p.4
III. Meaning of Graphics (50 Points)
The following are from graphics shown in class.
A). (10 Pts) From Folder Intro501
1. (3 Pts) What is the picture on the left showing for a normal cell?
2. (3 Pts) What specifically do these two pictures tell us about a fundamental property of cancer cells or what
are these pictures illustrating about cancer cells? You must be specific. You cannot just say “they are
different” or “the cancer is screwed up”
Normal Cell
Cancer cells have structurally rearranged (or aberrant) chromosomes
Or
Cancer cells show chromosome rearrangements
Cancer Cell
p. 5
IIIA Continued:
3. (4 Pts) The blue oval object in the middle of this cell is its nucleus. Three different kinds of web-like fibers
are shown. What is each of these three web-like structures and what do they together comprise in the cell?
Enter Responses Below
III B. (10 Pts). From the Folder Clinical
1. (3 Pts) Why did lung cancer deaths in men start to go down after 1990?
Men began to stop smoking in the 1960’s
p. 6
2. (3 Pts) Why did we get this big burst in prostate cancer incidence starting in 1990?
3. (4 Pts) What are these graphs telling us about lung cancer and pancreatic cancer compared to prostate
cancer and colo-rectal cancer?
p. 7
IIIC. (10 Pts) From the Folder Epidemio:
Malignant melanoma was shown to have a very high incidence rate in Australia. What two factors are likely to
produce that unusually high incidence?
1. (3 Pts) High exposure to solar radiation (or to UV radiation)
2. (3 Pts) Migration of light-skinned persons or migration from Northern European areas
3. (4 Pts) This graphic is illustrating an important conclusion about the epidemiology of the kinds of cancer
shown in the Picture. What is this showing about the causation of these types of cancers?
Figure 2.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)
p. 45
IIID. (10 Pts). From the Folder Def Class. The panels below are showing an example of a leukemia.
(Cells are photographed at early, middle, and late stages of the disease from left to right)
Questions are on the next page. Please respond in the space provided.
p. 8
1. (2 Pts) What are the smaller nucleated cells in the middle frame, with the nucleus that is not spheroidal?
Polymorphonuclear leucocytes or PMN’s or Granulocytes or Polymorphs
2. (2 Pts)What kind of leukemia is it?
Myeloid or granulocytic
3. (2 Pts) What are the leukemic cells with the big nuclei in the middle panel, also the ones with the big nuclei
in the right-hand panel? (What are they doing or what are they called?)
Blast cells or dividing cells or myeloblasts
4. (2Pts) What are the small cells that are so numerous in the left hand panel?
Red
blood cells or erythrocytes
5. (2 Pts) What do these three panels illustrate about leukemia and about other cancers?
The
y progress to acquire increasingly neoplastic character
IIIE. (10 Pts) From the Folder Models:
Cancer Biologists can study cells in cell culture (in vitro) and compare them to one another to understand the cell
biology of cancers and for the discovery and development of cancer therapeutic agents.
They can study normal cells in culture and compare them with transformed cells in culture.
1. (4 Pts) There are four different ways in which normal cells can be transformed in culture. They can be
transformed by treatment with:
a. ______________________ chemical carcinogens
b. ______________________
radiation
c. ______________________ viral infection
d. ______________________
genetic insertion (or transfection)
2. (4 pts) In addition cancer cell biologists can study cancer cells in culture derived from two other major
sources: What major general sources are these?
•
•
Neoplastic Cells from Animal Tumors
Neoplastic Cells Cultured from Human Cancers
3. (2 Pts) Specifically, how can you tell if the normal cells that are being treated are successfully transformed?
They would become immortalized
p. 9
IV. (5 Pts)
1. What do these panels tell us about the prostate or colon cancer cells propagated in vitro compared to the
original primary cancers?
2. The middle panels show the surgical specimens carried sub-cutaneously 3 to 6 months in SCID mice. Why
use SCID mice? Why not use normal laboratory mice to carry the sub-cutaneous implants.?