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OLM/THEO/WR FLF14 HISTORY OF ISLAM Essential question CORRECTION How is the history of Islam significant for us today? 1. Adam and Hawa did not bring about the Original Sin: - No need of a divine Savior, as it is key to Christianity, and hardly understandable for many Muslims. - Mix of fatalism and Pelagianism, leading eventually to exclusivism and legalism. 2. Hagar and Ishmael in Saudi Arabia: - Source of sacredness to this day: Mecca, Hajj, the Ka’bah, Zam-zam, Sa’i, Maqam Ibrahim. - The Abrahamic blessing went to Arabic Muslims, instead of the Jews, a cause of tensions to this day. 3. The Abrahamic prophets: Abrahamic filiation of Islam, after and above Judaism and Christianity, that are often overlooked. 4. Laylat Al Qadr: - A reversed Annunciation, threatening, forceful, and anxiogenic, still influences parts of the Islamic world. - Muhammad shown as the ‘rasulallah’ of ‘illallah’, as professed every day in Islam: the Shahadah. - The central inspiration for the Ramadan month Pillar, still practiced in Islam today. 5. Laylat Al Miraj: - The crowning of Muhammad, and of Islam to this day, as the better and purer Abrahamic tradition, with Jesus equaled to John the Baptist at a lower level of heavens. - The institution of the Salah, 5 times a day to this day. 6. Hijirah: - The creation of the 1st Muslim community, the Ummah, called so to this day. - Year one of the Muslim calendar; year 2014 AD is 1435 in Islam. - It drew a line between Meccan (inclusive) and Medinan (exclusive) surahs. 7. The caliphate: - It gave rise to the central Muslim schism between Sunnis and Shiites that still explains much of today’s Islam. - Expanded the frontiers of Islam as far as Poitiers and Vienna, Central Africa and India, an expansion that still impact our world today. - It has been so domineering, in such a large area, and for so long, especially during the Abbasid and Ottoman dynasties, and over Western powers, that some Muslims can feel nostalgic of their lost golden age. - Western civilization owes a lot to Islamic salvaging and enhancing of antique advancements. 8. Colonialism: - It gave its unnatural shape to many Muslim countries where conflicts are soaring today. - It fueled feelings of resentment and revenge in many Muslim hearts today, toward Western nations. - It drew a line between progressive and reactive Muslims today. 9. Re-Islamization: A key explanation of many of today’s geopolitical challenges, in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.