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SUMMARY OF PLATE BOUNDARY PROCESSES Boundary type Divergent Convergent Transform Movement Types of crust involved Tectonic process Other processes Earthquakes Examples Ocean - ocean Sea floor created or destroyed? Created Sea floor spreading Sub-sea volcanism Up to ~ M 7.5 Mid-Atlantic ridge East Pacific rise Continent - continent Created Continental rifting Up to ~ M 7.5 East African Rift Gulf of California Ocean - continent Destroyed Subduction Volcanism (explosive; stratovolcanoes) Continental arc Up to ~ M 9.0 Cascades (U.S. Northwest; Andes (South America) Ocean - ocean Destroyed Subduction Volcanism (explosive; stratovolcanoes); Island arc Up to ~ M 9.0 Western Aluetians, Marianas Continent - continent None at boundary Collision, mountain building Up to ~M 8.5 to 9.0 (?) Himalaya mountains Oceanic Not created or destroyed Transform faulting – fracture zones Up to ~ M 8.0 Mendocino fault (between ocean ridges) Continental Not created or destroyed Transform faulting Up to ~ M 8.0 San Andreas fault; Alpine fault (New Zealand) Directly apart Directly together Laterally; sideways past each other M. Bunds, Dept. of Earth Science, Utah Valley State College 08/29/2003