Download Respiratory System

Respiratory System
A.
Function:
 Gas exchange between the internal and external
environment
B.
Structures and Flow:
1.
Nose/Mouth:
 Allow for the intake of air
 Lined with mucous and cilia
2.
Pharynx:
 Back of the throat where the respiratory
system and digestive system separate
3.
Epiglottis:
 A flap of skin that covers over the trachea
(windpipe) when food or liquid is swallowed
4.
Larynx:
 Voice box
5.
Trachea:
 Tube containing cartilaginous rings that allows
air (CO2 or O2) to be brought into or out of
the lungs
a.
Mucous:
 A thick liquid that traps dirt and pathogens
from entering the lungs
b.
Cilia:
 Small hair that line the respiratory system
that sweep dirt and mucous up and out of the
respiratory tract
6.
Bronchus:
 The point where the trachea branch leading
to each side of the lungs
7.
Bronchioles:
 Small branches of the bronchi that will
further branch within each lobe of the lungs
8.
Alveoli:
 Tiny air sacs clustered together like a bunch
of grapes surrounded by blood vessels
 Allow for gas exchange between the
circulatory system and the respiratory
system by diffusion
 Oxygen: from the lungs to the arteries
 Carbon Dioxide: from the vessels to the
lungs
9.
C.
Diaphragm:
 A flat muscle sitting below the respiratory
cavity
 When it contracts it draws air into the
respiratory tract and when it relaxes air
leaves
Disorders:
1.
Asthma:
 Airway constriction
 Limits the amount of gas exchange
2.
Bronchitis:
 Inflammation of the bronchi that narrows the
passageway
 Limits the amount of gas exchange
3.
Emphysema:
 Loss of alveoli for gas exchange due to smoking
 Limits the amount of gas exchange
4.
Lung Cancer:
 Tumors that form in the respiratory system
 Limits the amount of gas exchange