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Transcript
Habitat Fragmentation and Invasive Species SNC1D Habitat: the natural environment in which an organism lives, included food and shelter Habitat: the natural environment in which an organism lives, included food and shelter Many organisms lose their habitat to human development (cities, farms, etc.). Habitat fragmentation: remaining wild areas are divided into smaller parts Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Habitats • Size: large blocks support larger and therefore more stable populations and communities Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Habitats • Size: large blocks support larger and therefore more stable populations and communities One large block is better than an equal area of smaller blocks. Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Habitats • Proximity: the closer areas are to each other, the greater the chance populations will be able to interact Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Habitats • Proximity: the closer areas are to each other, the greater the chance populations will be able to interact Wildlife corridors connect areas and further increase the chance of interaction. Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Habitats • Integrity: access by roads and trails can increase pollution, hunting, and fishing Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Habitats Invasive species: a non-native species whose accidental or intentional introduction has a negative impact on the natural environment Invasive species: a non-native species whose accidental or intentional introduction has a negative impact on the natural environment Many invasive species have no natural predators in the new ecosystem. The lionfish, with its venomous spines, is native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans but was introduced to Florida water. Impacts of Invasive Species • Ecological: invasive species compete with or feed on native species Impacts of Invasive Species • Ecological: invasive species compete with or feed on native species Lionfish stomach contents Impacts of Invasive Species • Economic and Tourism: damage to forests, agricultural areas, and tourist areas Impacts of Invasive Species • Health: disease-causing organisms are introduced Impacts of Invasive Species • Health: disease-causing organisms are introduced Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal Example: the Cootes Paradise fishway Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal • Biological: adding more non-native organisms to control the invasive species Invasive Species Controls • Chemical: pesticides • Mechanical: physical barriers or removal • Biological: adding more non-native organisms to control the invasive species Example: insects released to control purple loosestrife
