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Benchmarking WECC Composite load model Parag Mitra Sr. Engineer Anish Gaikwad Sr. Project Manager © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Load Model Benchmarking Versions of software used PSLF 19.02 PSS/E 33.9 PowerWorld 19 DSATools (TSAT) V16.1.27 (Release date Dec 14, 2016) Uniform implementation across all platforms Composite load model channels are now available in DSATools Channel names straightforward in Powerworld 2 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Test system 3 bus test system proposed by Siemens PTI Generator and exciter use standard parameters GENROU IEEET1 3 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Initialization of composite load model Motor A Motor B Motor C Slip P Q Slip P Q Slip P Q PSSE 0.035 3.924 3.055 0.0195 3.924 3.347 0.0195 1.962 1.673 PSLF 0.041 3.925 3.095 0.021 3.924 3.389 0.021 1.962 1.694 Powerworld 0.041 3.925 3.095 0.021 3.926 3.389 0.021 1.962 1.66 DSATools 0.041 3.925 3.045 0.02 3.925 3.246 0.02 1.962 1.623 Motor D Electronic ZIP P Q P Q P Q PSSE 4.906 2.37 1.96 0.95 2.94 1.43 PSLF 4.91 2.37 1.96 0.95 2.94 1.43 Powerworld 4.906 2.37 1.96 0.95 2.94 1.43 DSATools 4.91 2.37 1.96 0.95 2.94 1.43 Swing Bus Mid Bus HV Bus/Substation bus Internal Load Bus V θ V θ V θ V θ PSSE 1.01 0 1.00 -0.28 1.000 -0.84 0.999 - PSLF 1.01 0 1.007 -0.28 1.000 -0.84 0.999 - Powerworld 1.01 0 1.007 -0.28 1.000 -0.84 0.999 - DSATools 1.01 0 1.007 -0.28 1.000 -0.84 0.9986 - 4 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Possibly due to leakage reactance Xa Performance of Motor A (Load torque=constant) Responses are almost identical across the 4 platforms Although similar in magnitude some fast oscillations can be seen in the TSAT output 5 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Stalling of Motor A (WECC Recmd. Tripping/Reconnection) 6 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Stalling of Motor A (No tripping) 7 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Without trip and reconn. With trip and reconn. Stalling of Motor A 1. Had a discussion with Siemens. The difference is because the motor in PSSE starts up a little bit later. 2. This is possibly due to difference in the value of Xa between the different vendors. PSS/E assumes a different value than PSLF and others 3. TSAT recommends using a time step of 0.25 cycles or less for double cage IMs. Default time step is 0.5 cycles (This was causing 8 TSAT to have numerical issues in our previous simulations) © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Stalling/Restart of Motor A (Plots by Gary Thomann PTI) Xa= 0.8 times sub-transient reactance Xa= 0.6 times sub-transient reactance, Results match PSLF closely There is no standard documentation for this parameter 9 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Reconnection of Motor B (Load torque α Speed2) Active power at load bus Reactive power at load bus 100% motor tripping Voltage at load bus Speed • PSLF does not reconnect. • TSAT does not let the motor to slow down as it did previously. • TSAT suggested using trapezoidal integration for this simulation 10 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Performance of Electronic Load The model response is identical across all the platforms in the current versions 11 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Performance of ZIP Load The model response is identical across all the platforms in the current versions 12 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Low voltage performance of ZIP Load b. Active power at load bus a. Voltage at load bus b. Reactive power at load bus 40% constant Z, 40% Constant I, 20% Constant P The differences need to be sorted out 1. How is the low voltage behavior of the ZIP component modeled? 2. Is this implementation uniform across all the software platforms? 13 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Performance of Motor D Active power at load bus Reactive power at load bus PSLF output is different than the other tools. The hump is missing. Latest correspondence with Bill Price from PSLF indicates that this issue has been resolved and the updated model now matches with the other software tools 14 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Motor D: Vstall and Vstallbrk • PSS/E and Powerworld both handles a Vstall = 0, replaces it with Vstllbrk • PSLF 19.0_02 has numerical issues if Vstall is small. However, if Vstall is set to 0, PSLF changes it to 0.6 • TSAT generates the following message Source: Powerworld Documentation Problem is with Vstall and Tstall. Rstall and Xstall are ok 15 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. EPRI suggestion Some vendors may be doing this already (above figures from Powerworld) Proposed change Instructions: If (Vstall<Vstallbrk) • LMTF to supply recommended value of Vstall • To prevent stalling set Vstall as recommended value and set Tstall as 9999 Vstall=Vstallbrk end Motor D does not stall Motor D stalls • Motor moves on yellow marked path when voltage decreases • Motor moves on yellow marked path when voltage decreases • Motor moves on yellow marked path back when voltage recovers • Restartable part –yellow • Non restartable part – green (till they trip) 16 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Current status PSS®E PSLF™ Powerworld TSAT Initialization Motor A, B, and C for a voltage dip Motor A, B, and C during stalled condition Tripping and reconnection capabilities of Motor A, B and C Electronic load Motor D (performance with voltage dip) Motor D (Vstall and Vstllbrk) Static load 17 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity 18 © 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.