Download Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy
By: Sachelle Martin
What is Cardiomyopathy ?
 A disease in the heart muscle that makes it
enlarged and more rigid than normal
 In rare cases, scar tissue replaces the
muscle tissue.
The 3 main types of
Cardiomyopathy
 Dilated Cardiomyopathy- a condition in which
the heart becomes weakened and enlarged
 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - a condition in
which the heart muscle becomes thick
 Restrictive Cardiomyopathy- changes in and
weakening of the heart muscle , which causes
the heart to fill poorly, squeeze poorly , or both.
Causes of Dilated
Cardiomyopathy
 Alcohol and drug abuse
 Abnormal heart rhythms
 Autoimmune illnesses
 Hereditary factors
 Infections that involve the heart muscle
 Heart valves that are too narrow or too leaky
 Trace elements such as lead and mercury
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Causes of hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy
 Usually inherited
 A result of several heart defects
within the genes that control the
heart muscle growth
Hypertrophic
Cardiomyopathy
Causes of Restrictive
Cardiomyopathy
 Most common cause is a build up of amyloid proteins in organs
(amyloidosis )
 Scarring of the heart from an unknown cause ( idiopathic myocardial
fibrosis )
 Carcinoid heart disease ( tumors in the heart)
 Diseases of the heart lining ( endocardium )
 Iron overload ( hemochromatosis )
 Scarring after radiation or chemotherapy
 Tumors of the heart
Restrictive
Cardiomyopathy
What are the symptoms ?

Cough

Difficulty breathing

Chest pain

Fatigue

Loss of appetite

Swelling of feet and ankles

Shortness of breath

Dizziness

Decreased alertness or concentration
How common is the
disease ?
It can affect both children and
adults.
Most common in middle-aged men.
About 2 in 10,000 people are
affected by the disease every year.
What are the risk factors ?
 Higher risk of sudden death
 May need medicines or a
defibrillator
 Risk for deadly heart rhythms
 May need a heart transplant
How is the disease
diagnosed ?
 Changes on the electrocardiogram
 Changes on chest x-ray
 An ultrasound scan of the heart ,
called an echocardiogram
What are some treatments
?
 Blood thinning medications
 Chemotherapy
 Diuretics to remove fluids and help improve breathing
 Heart bypass
 Heart transplant
 A pacemaker
 Limiting sodium level consumed
 An implanted defibrillator
Bibliography
 Hare JM. “The dilated, restrictive, and infiltrative
cardiomyopathies.” MedlinePlus. Eds. Bonow RO, Mann DL,
Zipes DP, Libby P . Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 4
June. 2012 . <
www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000189.htm>
 Maron BJ. “Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.” MedlinePlus.
Eds. Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P . Philadelphia,
Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 4 June. 2012.
<www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000192.htm>
 Uknown. “Cardiomyopathy . “ MedlinePlus. 4 June. 2012.
<www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cardiomyopathy.html>