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CDR for: TUV-ADDS Tactical Up-armored Vehicle – Automatic Distress Detection System GROUP 5 Julien Mansier – Eric Nachtigal – Jason Skopek – Alyssa Almanza TUV-ADDS OVERVIEW • TUV-ADDS is a system that is intended to be able to detect if a vehicle has been in a specific distress event resulting in the need for assistance. • similar to civilian system OnStar© • Recognition of certain characteristics of a distress-causing event. U.S. Marines MRAP; example of an up-armored wheeled tactical vehicle (Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo) • automatically communicate that there is a vehicle in need and the position of the vehicle. • relative to up-armored, but not heavy armored, wheeled tactical vehicles • two specific distress instances: rollover and significant Improvised Explosive Device (IED) hits MOTIVATION U.S. Marines LVSR (Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo) • General Interest • Interest in pursuing a defense related project • Assistance to the men and women in uniform, who deal with these real life situations on a daily basis • Many of the teammates having ties by either family members or close friends that are in the military GOVERNMENT RELEVENCE • TUV-ADDS is not intended to be a military grade system. • No access to genuine Government equipment nor the budget to create a system that would meet military grade standards. • Geared our project towards prototyping a solution for the Department of Defense. • Research of military vehicles and the difficulties that the military has with some of their vehicles was performed. • Great measures taken to make TUV-ADDS a system that military personnel could relate to. SPECIFICATIONS • GPS accuracy 2-5 meters • Wireless range of 1Km minimum • Ability to store at least 30 minutes of relevant sensor data • Sensor sample rate of 1 ksps • MCU operational frequency 8MHz minimum • Sensor G-Shock rating above 40 g’s • Communications BUS speed above 50 Kbps IDENTIFYING IED HITS: • The system will sense and monitor certain characteristics using a network of sensors to identify an IED hit. • These characteristics include: – Change in position displacement – Change in ambient light (flash) – Change in ambient temperature (heat) • These system will collect the data, which the system will analyze and conclude whether the information combined is an indication of a distressed vehicle. • Important for TUV-ADDS to identify these situations accurately. IDENTIFYING ROLLOVER • For rollover indication, a gyroscope will be used to sense if the vehicle is overturned for a prolonged period of time. • These sensors will collect the data, which then the system will analyze and conclude whether the information combined is an indication of a distressed vehicle. U.S. Marines LVSR; example of a vehicle rollover (Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo) U.S. Marines MRAP; example of vehicle rollover (Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo) HARDWARE BLOCK/ WORK BREAKDOWN DIAGRAM SENSOR OVERVIEW ACCELEROMETER Parameter BMA220 Axes 3 Scalable sensitivity ±2 to ±16g’s Output Digital: SPI or I2C Low power 250µA * 1.8v =0.45mW Cost $3.09/Sensor TEMPERATURE IC Parameter TMP100 High speed operation 3.4MHz Output Digital: I2C Scalable Sensitivity Resolution vs. Time Cost $0.00 (Sampled) PHOTODIODE Parameter TSL14S-LF Wave length 320nm to 1050nm Output Analog, Irradiance to Voltage Output pulse 2.6µs (10% to 90%)Rise Cost $1.26/Sensor SENSOR PCB Parameter Sensor Module Size 1.2 X 1.3 Inches Sensors: Accel., Temp, Light Connector Inverted D-sub SENSOR MCU • • • • • Power and monitor the sensors Communicate with the Main Processor Detect characteristics of an event Store data from suspected events Forward suspected events data to main processor MICROCONTROLLER REQUIREMENTS • • • • • 1 External interrupt 1 ADC Large open source community Supports CAN bus SPI, I2C MICROCONTROLLER • • • • • • • • • Atmel Atmega328P controlled via Arduino bootloader 16 MHz clock speed SPI and I2C USART capability 15 Ksps 10bit ADC 32 Kbytes flash memory 1.8-5.5V operating range 28 pin P-dip package 2 External Interrupts 8 bit RISC architecture CAN COMMUNICATIONS • • • • • • Controller Area Network Message based protocol High noise immunity Defines most of the transmission and physical layer MilCAN is one example of the application layer Basic message format is called a frame MCP2515 • • • • • • • SPI based CAN controller 16Mhz Operates at 5V 18pin PDIP package Software library available for Atmega328 compatibility Handles message faults without Atmega intervention Requires MCP2551 CAN transceiver to meet physical layer CAN requirements STORAGE • • • • • • MicroSD Card 1 GB storage SPI communications FAT16 File-system 64 bit storage variable 1GB/64bits = 134,217,728 Measurements SCHEMATIC SOFTWARE POWER SYSYTEM POWER • • • • • Vehicle contains 6v, 12Ah battery All power for the TUV-ADDS system will be drawn from this source LM2940CS-5 used for 5v regulation LM1117T-1.8 used for 1.8v regulation LM1117T-3.3 used for 3.3v regulation POWER SYSYTEMS • • • • • • 4.8-5.2v output 1A max current 0.7v max dropout v output A max current v max dropout HARDWARE BLOCK/ WORK BREAKDOWN DIAGRAM MAIN CONTROL UNIT Specifications TI Sellaris ARM Atmel ATmega Frequency 50 – 80 MHz 16 MHz Flash Memory 256 Kbytes 256 Kbytes Interrupts 28 – 48 8 USART Ports 2 4 CAN Ports 3 0 I/O Pins 46 54 Voltage Supply 3.3V 5.5V WIRELESS COMMUNICATION Parameter Xbee – PRO Indoor Range 300 feet Outdoor Range 1 mile Transmit Power 63 mW Serial Baud 1200bps – 250 Kbps Supply Voltage 2.8 – 3.4 V GPS Parameter Falcom FSA03 Channels 50 Accuracy ~ 1.5 – 2.5 m Cold Start 29 sec Hot Start < 1 sec CPU ARM7 with 384 Kb ROM Supply Voltage 3.3 – 5 V GYROSCOPE Parameter ITG-3200 Axes 3 Signal Filtering Built in LPF Stand-by Current 5µA Communication Fast Mode I2C (400KHz) Shock Tolerance 10,000g Features Built in Temp Sensor Supply Voltage 2.1 – 3.6V SOFTWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM MAIN CONTROL SOFTWARE FLOW TESTING • Three levels of testing for functionality: • Component level • Module level • System level • Software module tested differently than hardware modules • Test to ensure no false alarms • Detailed Test Event Plan • Hummer Power Wheels vehicle was chosen for the most accuracy in testing that is plausible for the team • Wii Nunchuck breakout adapter will be installed to drive the Power Wheels • Create distress characteristics on the vehicle to test the system functionality • Correct functionality will be a result of a combination of characteristics that will indicate a distressed vehicle PROGRESS TO DATE MILESTONE CHART BUDGET • Currently under budget • Team funded, no sponsors • Total spent to date: $276 CURRENT EXPENDITURES ITEM (quantity) PRICE Power Wheels $50 Xbee Pro (2) $75 Temp Sensors (10) FREE Accelerometers (6) $19 Photodiodes (8) $10 FTDI Cable $20 Relays (3) $6 Atmel328 (3) $13 16MHz Crystals (8) $8 Flash Memory $10 GPS $45 CAN Module FREE Sensor PCB Fabrication ($20) TOTAL: $276 Budget Low High Average Low Part Metal Frame High Part Vehicle Power Control Systems 30 350 180 10 25 15 Jameco 3 SparkFun Atmel ATMega Atmel ATMega 328P-PU TAOS TSL145 Bosch Sensortec BMA220 TMP03FS Z Analog Devices Venus w/ SMA connect Ford 150 Window Motor Panasonic Corp CPU 17 50 25 Sensor MCU 4 6 5 Photodiode 1.26 3.08 2 Acceleromet er 3.09 53.16 9 Temperature Sensor 0 3.5 3.5 GPS 50 90 55 70 10 17 70 65 XBee 7.53 25 17 XBee Pro Atmel ATMega 328P-PU 112 340 150 100.2771 404.1471 363.9042 178.035 1466.6442 717.535 Window Motor 8 Engine Switch 0.99 Main Communicati on (one end) 60 Gyroscope PCB Fabrication 33% Misc. Expenses Total L3G4200 DTR ExpressP CB Student Program Powerwheels TI Stellaris Atmel ATMega TAOS TSL145 ADIS16240A BCZ TMP03FSZ Analog Devices GS407 Helical BMW 325XI Right window Motor Tyco ExpressPCB PROBLEMS • Surface mounting the smallest components • Communications issues between modules • Filtering False Alarms QUESTIONS? U.S. Marines MRAP with mine roller (Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo)