Download CHAPTER 12: THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Short Answer

CHAPTER 12: THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Short Answer
Complete the following objectives. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Identify and discuss the primary factors involved in the generation and regulation of blood
pressure and explain the relationships among these factors.
2. Trace blood through the heart and compare the functions of the heart chambers on the right
and left sides.
3. List the anatomical components of the heart conduction system and discuss the features of a
normal electrocardiogram.
4. Explain the relationship between blood vessel structure and function.
5. Trace the path of blood through the systemic pulmonary, hepatic portal, and fetal
circulations.
Fill in the Blanks
6. The heart is divided into the right and left sides by a partition called the ________________.
7. Atrioventricular valves are attached to the wall of the heart by stringlike structures called
______________________.
8. Blood is carried from the heart to the lungs through an artery called ____________________.
9. Heart block may be treated by implanting into the heart a device called a _______________.
10. A graphic record of the heart’s electrical activity is called a(n) _______________________.
11. Intravenous injections are most often given into a vein called _______________________.
12. In fetal circulation, the aorta is connected to the pulmonary artery by a vessel called
_______________________.
13. Pulse felt in the wrist region develops from an artery called _______________________.
14. The body organ that stores blood and releases it in case of hemorrhage is called the
_______________________.
Word Scramble
Unscramble the letters in parentheses to form the appropriate words to complete each sentence.
15. Blood pressure is lowest in the (NSVEI) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ and highest in the
(ERETIASR)
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___.
16. Blood pressure is the (EULVOM) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ of blood in the vessels.
17. The following are examples of arteries: (AREMFOL) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___,
(TLOEPAIPL)
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___, (ARNOOYCR) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___.
18. Excessive hemorrhaging will decrease (OLDBO) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ (RSUEPSRE)
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___.
19. The (IDARAL) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ artery is located at the wrist.
20. The (MIRIEDPRCAU) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ covers the heart.
21. The (RONOYCAR) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ (ERTRIAES) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
___ ___ ___ supply oxygen to the heart.
Matching Select the most correct answer from Column B for each item in Column A. (Only one
answer is correct for each.)
Column A
Column B
_____ 22. Heart attack
A. Sinoatrial node
_____ 23. QRS complex
B. Liver
_____ 24. Systole
C. Myocardium
_____ 25. Pulmonary circulation
D. Ventrical repolarization
_____ 26. Bicuspid
E. Angina pectoris
_____ 27. Hepatic portal circulation
F. Myocardial infarction
_____ 28. Heart muscle
G. Ventrical depolarization
_____ 29. Pacemaker
H. Ventrical contraction
_____ 30. T wave
I. Lungs
_____ 31. Chest pain
J. Mitral
Multiple Choice
_____ 32. A structure called the foramen ovale connects which of the following?
A. right atrium and right ventricle
B. left atrium and left ventricle
C. right and left atria
D. right and left ventricles
_____ 33. What is the valve that permits blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary
artery called?
A. tricuspid
B. mitral
C. aortic semilunar
D. pulmonary semilunar
_____ 34. To where does the superior vena cava carry blood?
A. left ventricle
B. coronary arteries
C. right atrium
D. pulmonary veins
_____ 35. What is the innermost coat of an artery that comes into direct contact with blood
called?
A. lumen
B. tunica externa
C. tunica interna
D. tunica media
_____ 36. Ventricular contraction of the heart occurs immediately after depolarization of which
of the following?
A. Purkinje fibers
B. atrioventricular node
C. sinoatrial node
D. bundle of His
_____ 37. What is the outside covering that surrounds and protects the heart called?
A. endocardium
B. myocardium
C. pericardium
D. ectocardium
_____ 38. What are the thin-walled upper heart cavities that receive blood from veins called?
A. chordae tendineae
B. atria
C. pericardia
D. ventricles
_____ 39. Which of the following events, if any, would not cause blood pressure to increase?
A. hemorrhaging
B. increasing the viscosity of blood
C. increasing strength of heartbeat
D. all of the above
_____ 40. What are the components of the cardiovascular system that carry blood away from
the heart called?
A. arteries
B. sinuses
C. veins
D. capillaries
_____ 41. Which of the following events, if any, does not precede contraction?
A. P wave
B. atrial depolarization
C. ventrical depolarization
D. all of the above
Identification
Identify the following areas of the heart. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
42. The heart:
(1) ________________________________
(2) ________________________________
(3) ________________________________
(4) ________________________________
(5) ________________________________
(6) ________________________________
(7) ________________________________
(8) ________________________________
(9) ________________________________
(10) _______________________________
(11) _______________________________
(12) _______________________________
(13) _______________________________
(14) _______________________________