Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
DNA barcoding wikipedia , lookup
Hybrid (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Koinophilia wikipedia , lookup
Name: _______KEY ________________ Date: ______________________ Evolution Study Guide 1. Define Evolution: Change in species over a long period of time Common Descent: Modern species have evolved from earlier, different species and share a common ancestor. All living things are related. 2. Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection. Define Natural Selection: Organisms with good adaptations will survive, reproduce and pass that trait on to their offspring. a. Variations: Differences in traits among a species New Variations come from _______Mutations_______ and _____Sexual Reproduction _(Genetic recombination)_______________. No variations = No evolution or natural selection because there is nothing to select. Species with no variations are the first to die when the environment changes. More variations within a species the increase chance the species has to survive if the environment changes. b. Overproduction: too many offspring are born that can survive c. Competition for limited resources: There are only so many resources so organisms must compete for them in order to survive d. Adaptations: Trait that allows an organism to survive in the environment. e. Survival and reproduction of the fittest: Organism that have the best adaptation for the environment will survive and reproduce. f. Selecting Agent: Chooses which trait is better in an organism. This is always the environment. 3. Evidence of Evolution: a. Direct Observation: Bacteria evolving resistance to antibiotics or insects becoming resistant to pesticides. b. Fossil Records c. Comparative Studies Comparative anatomy: Compare physical structures of different species Comparative DNA: look at number of differences between DNA Embryology: Looking at embryos of various organisms Vestigial Structures: Structures that species have but no longer have a function. Such as the appendix, male nipples, whale hip bones. What is the best evidence of evolution? _______DNA_____________ Review Topics included on the test: Genetic Engineering: Taking a gene out of one organism and putting it into another organism Examples of genetic engineering: Making human insulin by putting the gene for human insulin into a bacteria. Selective Breeding: Humans choose two individuals with good traits and breed them to make offspring with the desirable traits. Examples of Selective Breeding: Race horses, Dogs were selectively breed from wolves.