* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download volcanoes stations
Mount Garibaldi wikipedia , lookup
Itcha Range wikipedia , lookup
Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve wikipedia , lookup
Mount Meager massif wikipedia , lookup
Llullaillaco wikipedia , lookup
Level Mountain wikipedia , lookup
Olympus Mons wikipedia , lookup
Mount Edziza volcanic complex wikipedia , lookup
Cerro Blanco (volcano) wikipedia , lookup
1257 Samalas eruption wikipedia , lookup
Mount Pinatubo wikipedia , lookup
Volcanology of Io wikipedia , lookup
Lascar (volcano) wikipedia , lookup
Mount Pleasant Caldera wikipedia , lookup
Shield volcano wikipedia , lookup
Volcano (1997 film) wikipedia , lookup
Cascade Volcanoes wikipedia , lookup
Large igneous province wikipedia , lookup
Silverthrone Caldera wikipedia , lookup
Nevado del Ruiz wikipedia , lookup
Mount St. Helens wikipedia , lookup
Mount Vesuvius wikipedia , lookup
NAME: ____________________ PERIOD: __________________ VOLCANOES NOTES & STATIONS The purpose of this activity is to introduce you to the processes that create volcanoes, why there are different types of volcanoes and eruptions, and the rocks that can result from volcanic eruptions. STATION 1 (SMARTboard) I. HOW DO VOLCANOES FORM? 1. Near what type of plate boundary do volcanoes occur? 2. What are the processes that result in the creation of a volcano based on the picture (above)? 3. Describe the location of subduction-generated volcanoes in relation to the trench, continental plate and oceanic plate. II.VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS-Go the linked page on the SMARTboard to answer the questions/definitions 4. What causes an eruption? 5. Define the following terms, all of which may result from an eruption: Pyroclastic flow – Eruption (ash) cloud Lava Lahar1 STATION 2 III. TYPES OF VOLCANOES-laptops animation 6. Use the tutorial to read about the different types or just build your own and see what types you make! TYPE SKETCH GENERAL SHAPE SIZE HOW THEY ARE MADE STRATOVOLCANO CINDER CONE SHIELD VOLCANO 7. If you haven’t already, click on "Build your own volcano and watch it erupt." Underneath the words "gas and viscosity settings" there is a link labeled "viscosity info." Click on it. 8. What is viscosity? 9. Experiment and then answer the following questions: a. What effect does viscosity of magma have on an eruption? b. What effect does the amount of gas in magma have on an eruption? 2 STATION 3-Past and present eruptions, a demonstration! IV. A REAL VOLCANO: MT. ST. HELENS Before the eruption After the eruption 10. Based on the pictures you see above, is Mt. St. Helens: A stratovolcano, cinder cone, or shield volcano? WHY? Does it have very viscous lava, or easily flowing lava? WHY? 11. Look at the aerial photos below of Mt. St. Helens and the models made from topographic maps: Assume the picture is oriented properly with North at the top. In which direction did the majority of material in the eruption flow? Why do you think this? (Station 3 continued) 3 12. a. What type of volcano does the one we erupted in class represent? Why? b. What type of magma erupts from these and where in the world is an example? STATION 4-rocks made by magma and lava V. IGNEOUS ROCKS 13. After looking at the samples, sketch the crystal sizes of each in the boxes below. Based on the picture of where each of these formed, fill in the blanks below for each sample with (cooled) quickly or slowly or quickly and slowly, large or small or large and small (crystals). Texture information is on the next page. hardened lava cooled _________________ ______________________crystals ________________________ texture hardened pyroclastic flow hardened magma chamber cooled ____________________ cooled _________________ _________________________crystals __________________ crystals ______________________ texture ____________________ texture 4 VI. TEXTURE 14. What does it mean when geologists refer to an igneous rock's "texture?” (use the reading below) 15. With the vocabulary listed below, label the pictures you drew above as "fine-grained texture," "coarse-grained texture" and "porphyritic texture." 16. Obsidian is a glassy igneous rock (check out the sample!). Where do you think obsidian is formed? Why? Texture Reading: The grain size of crystalline igneous rocks can be separated into three broad categories. Coarse-grained igneous rocks have individual grains (crystals) that are visible to the naked eye. Grains can range from millimeters to centimeters in diameter. The grains form an interlocking network. Fine-grained igneous rocks have small grains, less than a millimeter across, that are invisible to the naked eye. Hand samples of fine-grained rocks often appear homogeneous—they look the same throughout the rock. Hand lenses, magnifying glasses, or microscopes can reveal the small crystals in these rocks. Igneous rocks with a porphyritic texture show two distinct grain sizes—coarse-grained crystals, visible to the naked eye, surrounded by fine-grained crystals. 5