Download Sinus Dysrhythmia

Sinus Dysrhythmia
• Same as NSR except for slight irregularity
of the heart rhythm
• Rate of impulse formation in SA node
may vary with respirations
• P-to-P and R-to-R intervals change with
respirations
• Increases with inspiration and
decreases with expiration
Sinus Dysrhythmia
• Should be a difference of at least 0.8
seconds between shortest and longest RR intervals
• Common and normal finding
– Causes may include MI, Sick Sinus
Syndrome, and administration of certain
drugs, i.e., digitalis
– Varies with respirations
Sinus Dysrhythmia
Sinus Dysrhythmia
Sinus Arrest Rhythm
• SA node fails to initiate an impulse
• Absence of a PQRST complex is noted on
rhythm strip
• Causes a slight period of cardiac
standstill
• Lasts until sinus node continues its normal
function
Sinus Arrest Rhythm
• Causes include hypoxia, ischemia,
damage to the SA node, or
administration of certain drugs such as
digitalis or salicylates
• Also occurs as result of acute MI
• These occurrences are infrequent
• Patient assessment is imperative
Sinus Arrest Rhythm
Sinus Arrest Rhythm
Clinical Significance
of Sinus Rhythms
• Associated with assessment of patients
• If patient is experiencing chest pains,
dizziness, weakness, fainting, markedly
decreased blood pressure, or altered
level of consciousness = symptomatic
or medically unstable
Sinus Bradycardia
• If heart rate falls significantly, cardiac
compromise may occur
• Symptomatic
– Signs of decreased cardiac output
• Treatment
– Oxygen, IV access line, administration of
drugs (atropine), or TCP
Sinus Tachycardia
• Cardiac output may fall < 150 due to
inadequate ventricular filling time
• Myocardial oxygen demand increases
• Can precipitate myocardial ischemia or
infarct
• Treatment
– Aimed at finding and treating cause
Sinus Dysrhythmia
• Considered a normal alteration in heart
rhythm, especially in young children and
elderly adults
• Usually does not require emergency
treatment
Sinus Arrest
• If patient is asymptomatic (medically
stable) episodes occurring occasionally,
observation may be done
• If patient is bradycardic and
symptomatic (medically unstable) may
need oxygen, IV, drug therapy, and/or TCP
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