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Transcript
Brand Name: Narcan Drug Class: Opioid antagonist Generic Name: naloxone Usual Adult Dose: 0.4 – 2mg I.V., I.M., or subcutaneously; repeating every 2 – 3 minutes, p.r.n. Therapeutic Action: May displace opioid analgesics from their receptors (competitive antagonism); drug has no pharmacologic activity of its own. Major Contraindications/Cautions: 1. Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug. 2. Use cautiously in patients with cardiac irritability or opioid addiction. Abrupt reversal of opioid-induced CNS depression may result in nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, tachycardia, CNS excitement, and increased blood pressure. Major Adverse Effects 1. CNS: seizures 2. CV: ventricular fibrillation 3. Respiratory: pulmonary edema Nursing Implications 1. Duration of action of opioid may exceed that of naloxone, and patients may relapse into respiratory depression. 2. Patients who receive drug to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression may exhibit tachypnea. 3. Respiratory rate increases within 1 – 2 minutes. Client Teachings 1. Reassure family that patient will be monitored closely until effects of opioid resolve.