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Country Risk Updates – Q1 2016 Jan-Mar 2016 Risk Rating Changes The risk ratings for Q1 2016 indicate that 5 countries have been upgraded and 8 countries have been downgraded. Country Change Cote d’Ivoire ▲ Malawi ▼ Senegal ▲ Zambia ▼ Cambodia ▼ Poland ▼ Costa Rica ▼ Ecuador ▼ Namibia ▲ Romania ▲ Trinidad and Tobago ▼ Iran ▲ Canada ▼ Extended WW Headline Dun & Bradstreet upgrades Cote d'Ivoire's country risk rating as the economy's rapid growth looks set to continue. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Malawi’s country risk rating due to several serious challenges. Dun & Bradstreet upgrades Senegal’s country risk rating owing to deeper regulatory reforms. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Zambia's country risk rating following a downbeat economic assessment by the IMF. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Cambodia's rating outlook as political turmoil weakens investor sentiment. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Poland's country risk rating after worrying developments in the legal sphere. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Costa Rica's country risk rating amid a widening deficit and rising debt. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Ecuador's country risk rating following unfavourable constitutional reforms. Dun & Bradstreet upgrades Namibia's country risk rating amid a mining-led acceleration in growth and greater political stability. Dun & Bradstreet upgrades Romania’s country risk rating due to the prospect of greater political stability in 2016, and potentially longer should the current anti-corruption spirit endure. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Trinidad and Tobago's country risk rating as the economy contracts due to the collapse in hydrocarbon prices. Dun & Bradstreet upgrades Iran's country risk rating by two quartiles following the lifting of most sanctions by the UN, US and EU. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades Canada's country risk rating amid early-2016 economic sluggishness, stemming from the low oil price, currency weakness and rising import costs. Outlook Trend Changes Country Change Egypt ▼ Iraq ▲ Papua New Guinea ▼ Azerbaijan ▼ Hong Kong ▼ Netherlands ▲ Slovenia ▼ Bahrain ▼ Extended WW Headline Dun & Bradstreet downgrades the rating outlook as the authorities opt for import controls over devaluation in response to the chronic shortage of FX. Dun & Bradstreet upgrades Iraq's rating outlook following a strategic victory against IS and the bottoming out of the oil price fall. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades the rating outlook as negative external factors, including lower international commodity prices and a slowing Chinese economy, weaken growth. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades its rating outlook for Azerbaijan as the economy falters amid weak oil prices, a sharp drop in the manat, government cut-backs and rising inflation. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades its rating outlook for Hong Kong because of contagion fears from China's capital outflows and unpredictable policy responses. Dun & Bradstreet upgrades its rating outlook for the Netherlands amid strong economic growth that is being driven by rising investment and domestic demand. Dun & Bradstreet downgrades its rating outlook for Slovenia as a deepening migration crisis increases threats to the cross-border passage of goods. Debt concerns grow as Fitch revises the ratings outlook to negative. World Watch Country Angola Mauritius Mozambique Tanzania Australia Hong Kong Myanmar Papua New Guinea Taiwan Belarus Estonia Lithuania Serbia Uzbekistan Israel Extended WW Headline Oil revenues are under pressure and causing financial stress in the country. Maritime projects are taking shape as the government pursues its 'Ocean economy' strategy. The government secures balance of payments support from the IMF. The country elects a new president but political rivalries remain a destabilising factor. Reports emerge of an increasing Islamic State presence in Afghanistan. Retail and property shocks will test economic resilience in 2016. Politicians jockey for position after a landslide election victory for Suu Kyi's NLD party. Growth forecasts decline owing to drought and the temporary closure of a mine. January's elections could lead to more cautious market sentiment. Lukashenko wins another term as president, while the West eases sanctions. Household consumption drives third-quarter growth, underpinned by strong job prospects and rising wages. Paying taxes in Lithuania becomes more cumbersome and compares poorly to its Baltic peers. The imminent opening of negotiations on EU membership should spur the push for reforms. Government unveils banking reforms for the period 2016 to 2020. Medium- and long-term economic prospects get a boost Saudi Arabia Canada Dominican Republic Honduras Trinidad & Tobago Ireland Switzerland United Kingdom following a gas exploration deal. Record levels of oil production are maintained, triggering a further decline in oil prices. Growth should pick up in 2016 but the two-speed economy persists. The IMF describes the Dominican Republic as amongst the most dynamic in the region. A money laundering scandal threatens to undermine government credibility and stoke political tensions. The new government is to implement fiscal consolidation and possible tax hikes. Lower unemployment, higher real wages and buoyant exports growth boost domestic demand. The central bank maintains key policy rates despite rapidly falling consumer prices. Insolvency risk is falling amid solid economic performance. Risk Rating Explanations The DB risk indicator is divided into seven bands, ranging from DB1 through DB7. Each band is subdivided into quartiles (a-d), with an ‘a’ designation representing slightly less risk than a ‘b’ designation and so on. Only the DB7 indicator is not divided into quartiles. Indicat or Meaning Explanation DB1 Lowest Risk DB2 Low Risk DB3 Slight Risk DB4 Moderate Risk DB5 High Risk DB6 Very High Risk DB7 Highest Risk Lowest degree of uncertainty associated with expected returns, such as export payments and foreign debt and equity servicing. Low degree of uncertainty associated with expected returns. However, country-wide factors may result in higher volatility of returns at a future date. Enough uncertainty over expected returns to warrant close monitoring of country risk. Customers should actively manage their risk exposures. Significant uncertainty over expected returns. Risk-averse Customers are advised to protect against potential losses. Considerable uncertainty associated with expected returns. Businesses are advised to limit their exposure and/or select highreturn transactions only. Expected returns subject to large degree of volatility. A very high expected return is required to compensate for the additional risk or the cost of hedging such risk. Returns are almost impossible to predict with any accuracy. Business infrastructure has, in effect, broken down. Copyright © 2016 D&B Singapore. All rights reserved