Download Portugal`s Location- Critical to Exploration

European Explorers
Portugal and Spain
Ms. Hunt
Unit 3
RMS IB 2012-2013
What lead to European
Exploration?
• The Renaissance –spirit of adventure,
curiosity, learning, and admiration of human
achievement.
• Economics – The most important reason was
the desire for wealth.
• The Desire to Spread Christianity –
Europeans wanted to continue to fight the
spread of Islam, and bring Christianity to nonChristians in Asia
• Claim New Lands – European powers wanted
to start settlements and trading posts.
Portugal’s Location- Critical to
Exploration
• Portugal faces the
Atlantic Ocean
• Spain stopped
Portugal from
expanding into Europe
or the Middle East.
– HAD TO GO WEST!
Strong Government Support
Prince Henry the Navigator
• son of the King of Portugal.
• Interested in overseas exploration
during a war in North Africa
• He was determined to find a
water route to Asia
• Goal- Wealth and spread
Christianity.
• Founded a navigation school in
1419.
• Taught mapmaking, instrument
creation and use, ship builders, and
science
Portuguese Use of Technology
1. Caravels – new ship design of the 1400’s were
sturdier
than previous ships. They were about 65 feet long.
2. Lateen sails – triangular sails adapted from Arab
boats,
made it possible to sail against the wind.
3. Astrolabe – Arabic invention, allowed navigators
to
determine their location by using astrology
4. Magnetic Compass – Chinese invention, 220
B.C., Recently adopted in Europe as a
navigational device.
Astrolabe
and
Caravals
Portuguese are the First to
Reach the East
• Portuguese sailors begin to sail down the west coast of
Africa
• Bartholomew Diaz – 1487 reaches the Cape of Good
Hope, the Southern tip of Africa
• Vasco da Gama – 1497 -1498 rounded Africa and
reached India.
– He returned with a cargo valued at 60 times the
cost of his voyage!
** Pedro Alvares Cabral- 1500, leading a fleet to
India from Portugal, when he goes off course, and
discovers Brazil.
Portuguese Explorers
Bartholomew
Pedro Alvares
Diaz
Vasco De Gama
Cabral
The Spanish Expeditions
• 1492 – Christopher
Columbus – Italian sailing for
Spain
• Columbus was convinced the world
was round and he could reach the East
Indies by sailing west.
– Landed in present day Bahamas, which he
thought were unknown islands of the East
Indies.
• Claimed the land he discovered for
Spain.
• Opened up New World for
Exploration!
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
• 1510- founded first
permanent European
settlement on the
mainland of the
Americas
– Present day Panama
• 1513 - first European
in America to see the
Pacific Ocean
Ferdinand Magellan
• 1519- Portuguese captain led
several ships from Spain,
around the Southern tip of
South America.
• Became the first voyage to
circle around the globe.
• Proved that the world was
round.
• Claimed Philippine Islands for
Spain giving Spain an empire
in the Pacific.
Hernando De Soto
• 1541 –becomes the first
European to see the
Mississippi River.
Explorer’s Interactive
• Label each margin with 1
Notebook Foldable exploring nation
• Each student receives
2 colored sheets of
paper.
• Fold the paper to have
a 1 inch margin along
the long edge of the
paper.
• Glue the margin down
as close as possible to
the spiral/ interior of
your notebook
– Portugal
– Spain
• Draw and then cut lines
along the paper creating
enough tabs for the number
of explorers from the
country.
– Portugal- 4
– Spain- 4
•
•
On each tab, write the dates, names, and
significant accomplishments of each explorer
we talked about.
Neatness and creativity count. Color and
illustrate it as you see fit. You will be graded on
it.