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Multiple Choice
1) _______________ - vibrations carrying energy released during an Earthquake away from the
point where the break in the crust occurred.
a) seismograph
b) tsunami
c) seismic waves
d) compass
.
2) What is the Lag Time if the first p-wave arrives at 15 seconds and the first s-wave arrives at 60
seconds?
a) 75 seconds
b) 45 seconds
c) 15 seconds
d) 30 seconds
.
3) ____________ and ______________quantify magnitude or amount of energy released by the
Earthquake
a) Richter scale and bathroom scale
b) Mercalli scale and Richter scale
c) Richter scale and Moment Magnitude scale
d) Moment magnitude scale and Mercalli scale
.
4) What type of fault is being illustrated here?
a) Reverse
b) Transform
c) Normal
d) Strike-Slip
.
5) _______________ - exact point on Earth's surface directly above the breaking crust. Receives
most damage in an Earthquake.
a) focus
b) triangulation
c) seismic wave
d) epicenter
.
6) ______________ - exact point beneath Earth's surface that breaks due to excessive stress.
a) earthquake
b) stress
c) epicenter
d) focus
.
7) _____________________ - measures extent of damage caused by an Earthquake at a
particular location.
a) Mercalli scale
b) Moment Magnitude scale
c) Ruler
d) Richter scale
.
8) ___________________ - shaking or trembling caused by the sudden release of energy from
the breaking of Earth's crust
a) epicenter
b) earthquake
c) focus
d) fault line
.
9) Process of locating a certain point on a map using data from 3 other locations is called
_______________
a) scientific method
b) triangulation
c) triaxial assimilation
d) GPS
.
10) _______________ is an Instrument/device that measures and records seismic wave activity.
a) Seismogram
b) Pendulum
c) Xylophone
d) Seismograph
.
11) ______________________ – P and S waves that are strong enough to make it above ground.
They cause the most destruction.
a) Seismograms
b) Secondary wave
c) Primary wave
d) Surface wave
.
12) _____________ are breaks in Earth's crust caused by force being applied to it.
a) stress
b) footwalls
c) faults
d) epicenters
.
13) ______________ are the fastest moving of the seismic waves and compress and expand as
they move through earth's crust.
a) tsunamis
b) surface waves
c) secondary waves
d) primary waves
.
14) Which side of this fault represents the Hanging Wall?
Left Right
a) Left
b) Right
c) Both
d) Neither
.
15) A ________________ moves side to side or up and down like an ocean wave a.s it moves
through Earth's Crust
a) surface wave
b) secondary wave
c) primary wave
d) Tsunami
.
16) Which side of this fault line represents the Footwall?
Left Right
a) Neither
b) Left
c) Right
d) Both
.
17) What landform is being formed in this illustration?
a) volcano
b) rift valley
c) fault-block mountain
d) folded mountain
.
18) _______________ is the force applied to Earth's crust that changes its shape.
a) fault
b) mass
c) stress
d) velocity
.
Matching - Place the steps to locating the epicenter of an earthquake in order from first to last
19)
c
20)
e
21)
d
22)
b
23)
a
Read the seisomogram print out
from the seismograph to determine
the p and s wave arrival times.
Calculate the lag time using p & s
wave arrival times.
Use a compass to draw different
sizes of circles according to
distance on the map around given
seismograph stations.
Find the point where 3 circles
intersect to locate the epicenter
Use the lag time data to find the
distance from the epicenter on the
Distance/Time line graph.
a) Step 3
b) Step 5
c) Step 1
d) Step 4
e) Step 2
.
.
Short Answer
24) An unusually large wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor is called a
_________________.
Tsunami
25) Name the 2 major faults in the United States.
San Andreas, New Madrid
26) What type of stress AND what type of fault is being illustrated?
compression, reverse
27) Upward and downward folds in earth's crust formed by compression are called ____________
and ____________.
anticlines and synclines
28) What type of stress AND what type of fault is being illustrated?
shearing, Strike Slip