Download Cranial nerves.

CRANIAL NERVES.
Evelyn perez
2nd pd.
4/11/16
OLFACTORY
• is the first of 12 cranial nerves located within the head. It relays sensory data to the
brain, and it is responsible for the sense of smell.
OPTIC
• is located in the back of the eye. It is also called the second cranial nerve or cranial
nerve II. It is the second of several pairs of cranial nerves. The job of the optic nerve
is to transfer visual information from the retina to the vision centers of the brain via
electrical impulses.
OCULOMOTOR
• The oculomotor nerve is the third of 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the brain. This nerve
is responsible for eyeball and eyelid movement.
TROCHLEAR
• It is the only cranial nerve that emerges dorsally from the brain (near the back),
giving it the longest pathway. It is the smallest nerve to service the eye. passes
through the superior orbital fissure, and it provides motor function, or movement. It
serves the superior oblique eye muscle and connects to the annular tendon.
TRIGEMINAL
• The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve located within the brain, and is
primarily responsible for transmitting sensations from the face to the brain. It is
composed of three branches: the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular. Each branch
connects nerves from the brain to different parts of the face.
ABDUCENS
• The abducens nerve is also known as the abducent or sixth cranial nerve (CN6). It
controls the eye's lateral rectus muscle, which moves the eye sideways, away from the
nose.
FACIAL
• The facial nerve is also known as the seventh cranial nerve (CN7). This nerve
performs two major functions. It conveys some sensory information from the tongue
and the interior of the mouth. Specifically, CN7 serves about two-thirds of the
tongue's tip. The nerve extends from the brain stem, at the pons and the medulla.
Also, this nerve innervates facial muscles, controlling how to contract and produce
facial expressions.
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
• This group includes all the nerves that emerge from the cranium (skull), as opposed
to those that emerge from the vertebral column The vestibulocochlear nerve is
responsible for both hearing and balance and brings information from the inner ear
to the brain. A human's sense of equilibrium is determined by this nerve.
GLOSSOPHARYBGEAL
• The glossopharyngeal nerve connects to the brainstem at the upper medulla, travels
through the base of the skull at the jugular foramen, and ends in the mouth in the
mucous glands, palatine tonsil, and the base of the tongue. The glossopharyngeal
nerve has many functions, including receiving various forms of sensory fibers from
parts of the tongue, carotid body, the tonsils, the pharynx, and the middle ear. It also
supplies parasympathetic fibers (those that aid the body with rest and digestion
processes) to the parotid gland (a major salivary gland) and motor fibers to the
stylopharyngeus muscle, which helps with swallowing.
VAGUS
• It is the longest of the cranial nerves, extending from the brainstem to the abdomen
by way of multiple organs including the heart, esophagus, and lungs. Also known as
cranial nerve X, the vagus forms part of the involuntary nervous system and
commands unconscious body procedures, such as keeping the heart rate constant
and controlling food digestion.
ACCESORY
• The accessory nerve is a cranial nerve that controls the movement of certain neck
muscles. It is coiled in appearance. It is divided into spinal and cranial divisions, but
its cranial part is often disregarded. The spinal accessory nerve provides motor
function to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which extends the neck and the
trapezius, as well as the upper back and shoulder.
HYPOGLOSSAL
• The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve and controls movements of the
tongue. The path of the nerve starts in the hypoglossal nucleus of the brainstem,
which is located near the midline of the medulla oblongata, and then travels between
the carotid artery and jugular vein to end up on the underside of the tongue.
MEMORIZED WORDS
• Oso oso oso, todos tienen algo feo ahi ganamos vamos solo hoy.
• Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial,
vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, spinal accessory, hypoglossal.