Download Unit 14. Who were the ancient Greeks?

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History at Key Stage 2
Unit 14: Who were the ancient
Greeks?
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
When and where was ancient Greece?
BC AD
0
1000 BC –
323 BC:
Ancient
Greece
3100 BC – 1069 BC:
Ancient Egypt
7901060s:
The Viking
Age
55 BC 400 AD:
Roman
Britain
1666: The
Great Fire
of London
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
When and where was ancient Greece?
Greece is a country in Europe. Click on the map to have a closer look.
Greece
In Greece, would it be easier to
travel by sea or by land?
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
What do these
pictures tell us
about the
landscape and the
climate of
Greece?
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Where were Athens and Sparta?
Athens was a city state by the sea.
The people of Athens were well
educated and liked to trade with
other cities and countries.
Sparta was an inland city state.
They had a large powerful army.
They were suspicious of outsiders
and didn’t like to trade.
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Match the phrases to the correct city
Visitors are welcome
No visitors please
Our king makes all
the decisions
Our citizens vote on
laws and decisions
We educate our
children in schools
Our children learn to
be soldiers
Reading is important
No books here
We like to trade
Trade is not allowed
Athens
Sparta
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
What made ancient Greek fighters so powerful?
Helmet with face
guard and plume
Bronze chest
armour
Greaves
(leg armour)
Long spear
Wooden circular
shield
Greek warriors were known
as hoplites. They fought in
groups called phalanxes.
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
What made ancient Greek fighters so powerful?
Sail
Group of hoplites
Rowers
below
deck
Bronze
battering ram
Three rows
of oars
Long slim hull
for speed
Greek warships were known
as triremes. The name
trireme means ‘a ship with
three rows of oars’.
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Was the battle of Marathon a great victory for the ancient Greeks?
Yes, it was a great victory for us. Even
though the Persian army was much
bigger than ours, we managed to stop
them from invading our city
We won the battle because we were
better organised than the Persians. Our
soldiers stuck together and stayed in
formation. The Persian soldiers panicked
and ran in all directions.
Sparta refused to help us, but winning
this battle gave us confidence that we
can defend ourselves without help from
Sparta or anyone else.
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Was the battle of Marathon a great victory for the
ancient Greeks?
After the Athenian army had defeated the Persians
at the battle of Marathon they sent a runner to
Athens to tell the people that they had won, and
that their city was safe.
The distance from Marathon to Athens was just
over 26 miles.
The runner managed to get back to Athens in 3
hours, but when he got there, he was so exhausted
from the run that he only just managed to give the
message to the people of Athens, and then he died.
This is remembered nowadays in the term
‘Marathon’, meaning a 26 mile run.
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Who did the ancient Greeks worship and why?
The ancient Greeks built many
temples for the different gods they
believed in.
Look at the pictures.
What do these buildings tell us
about how the Greeks felt about
their gods?
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Who did the ancient Greeks worship and why?
Aphrodite
Goddess of beauty and love.
Apollo
God of the sun.
Ares
God of war.
Artemis
Goddess of hunting and the moon.
Athena
Goddess of wisdom.
Demeter
Goddess of agriculture.
Hades
God of the dead and the underworld.
Hephaestus
God of fire.
Hera
Goddess of marriage and the family.
Hermes
Messenger of the gods.
Poseidon
God of the sea.
Zeus
King of the gods.
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
What happened at the theatre?
The theatre was an important
part of ancient Greek life.
Plays were performed which told
stories of the lives of the gods,
or of the adventures of Greek
heroes.
There were also comedies and
tragedies.
Here are some examples of the
masks worn by ancient Greek
actors:
Unit 14: Who were the ancient Greeks?
Here is a picture of an ancient Greek theatre
stage
backstage
area
seating
Why do you think the theatres were built in this shape?
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