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WORLD RELIGIONS BAHA'I, BUDDHISM, CHRISTIANITY, CONFUCIANISM, HINDUISM, ISLAM, JAINISM, JUDAISM, SHINTO, SIKHISM, TAOISM, WICCA, ZOROASTRIANISM, AND DRUIDISM CHRISTIANITY Central Idea- There is one God who watches over and cares for his people. Jesus is the son of God Worship- Follow the teachings of Jesus, many different forms of worship- praying, singing and reading from the Bible Leadership- Priests, Preachers, Pastors- people educated in the Christian faith beyond what normal people study, They also have different rules for life Rituals- Baptism, Communion, Confession, Pray on your knees JUDAISM Central Idea- One of the first Monotheistic religionsone God, Laws and teachings come from the Torah the 1st 5 books of the Hebrew Bible. Serve God by studying Torah and living its principles Worship- Prayer, Singing, Reading Torah, leading a right life. Wailing Wall is one of the most sacred places- the piece of land where God gathered the dust and breathed life into Adam Leadership-Rabbis are Jewish scholars and teachers. There are no formal leaders for all Jews. Jews celebrate their history and God through many holidays and festivals Rituals-Follow strict dietary guidelines from the Bible. Kosher-acceptable and clean food. Pigs and shellfish are no kosher. Proper ways to slaughter animals. 13 PRINCIPLES OF FAITH 1. God exists 2. God is one and unique 3. God is incorporeal 4. God is eternal 5. Prayer is to be directed to G-d alone and to no other 6. The words of the prophets are true 7. Moses' prophecies are true, and Moses was the greatest of the prophets 8. The Written Torah (first 5 books of the Bible) and Oral Torah (teachings now contained in the Talmud and other writings) were given to Moses 9. There will be no other Torah 10. God knows the thoughts and deeds of men 11. God will reward the good and punish the wicked 12. The Messiah will come 13. The dead will be resurrected ISLAM Central Idea- Based on the teaching of Muhammad. There is only one God- Allah. Believe in all the prophets of Judaism and Christianity. Follows the 5 Pillars of Islam. A lifestyle and a religion Worship- All able Muslims are required to go on a pilgrimage to one of Islam’s holy sites, Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem Leadership-No formal leaderships, Muslim clerics are students of the Koran, Muslim Holy Book, Muslims read the Koran and interpret it as they see fit Rituals- Muslims must pray 5 times a day facing Mecca, to the East. They recite their prayers regardless of place The Kaaba- Cubed shaped building that predates Islam. It is thought to be the place where Adam built the first building and Abraham built the first temple to God. Fasting during Ramadan (sawm) Charity to the poor (zakat) 5 Pillars of Islam Ritual Prayer (salat) Pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca (hajj) Pledging the faith (shahadah) HINDUISM Central Idea- World’s oldest religion- 7000 yrs old- a collection of beliefs, Brahman is the most divine spirit and they worship many gods. True enlightenment and happiness comes from freeing yourself from earthly desires Worship- Achieve enlightenment from the attainment of knowledge, studying the Vedas, and a lifetime of virtuous acts Leadership- Gurus- spiritual leaders that help spread Hindu teachings. They are believed to have had the words of different gods revealed to them Rituals- Many pilgrimage to the Ganges River, a sacred site. They believe the waters will cleanse and purify them. People are cremated and thrown in the river. Used to float dead bodies Shiva – The Destroyer BrahmanThe Creator VishnuThe Preserver Kali BUDDHISM Central Idea- Follow the teachings of the Buddha, known as Dharma, which leads to Enlightenment Worship- The Buddha was a prince named Siddhartha Gautama- taught that the key to happiness was detachment from all worldly things. Followed the Middle Way- a life between earthly desires and self-denial Leadership- Monks and Nuns devote their entire life to the teachings of the Buddha. Must lead a life of poverty, meditation, and study, must beg for all things. Not allowed to speak Rituals-Don’t believe in killing any creatures, not even bugs. Believe in Rebirth. Believe all life forms can be reborn into any form 4 NOBLE TRUTHS Ordinary Life brings about suffering. The origin of suffering is attachment. The cessation of suffering is attainable. There is an eightfold path to the cessation of suffering. THE 8 FOLD PATH CONFUCIANISM Central Idea- No clergy and no gods to worship, more of a philosophy. Based on the teachings of Confucius. Teaches social, ethical and civic responsibility Ritual- Respect for family and elders. Build shrines to honor their family and relatives. Bring shrine food and offer prayers Celebration- Honor the birth of Confucius(Sept 28). They also honor teachers and celebrate the value of education, authority of teacher is only second to the father of the family Worship- Confucius preached more about social order than about religion. Many regard him as a spiritual leader CONFUCIUS SAY… Before you embark on a journey of revenge, dig two graves. Forget injuries, never forget kindnesses. If you enjoy what you do, you'll never work another day in your life. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in getting up every time we do. If I am walking with two other men, each of them will serve as my teacher. I will pick out the good points of the one and imitate them, and the bad points of the other and correct them in myself Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire.