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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) For this circuit, determine the load-line intersection with the two axis. 1) _______ A) C) = 1 V and = 1 V and = l0 mA B) = 10 V and = l mA = l mA D) = 10 V and = l0 mA 2) If one silicon diode and one germanium diode are connected in series, the voltage drop across the combination of the two diodes will be equal to the forward drop equal to that of ________. A) the difference of the voltage drops across the two diodes B) the silicon diode C) the germanium diode D) the voltage drops across the two diodes 2) _______ 3) Name the logic gate that is formed by this circuit. 3) _______ A) positive logic OR gate C) positive logic AND gate B) negative logic OR gate D) negative logic AND gate 4) Name the logic gate that is formed by this circuit. A) negative logic AND gate C) negative logic OR gate 4) _______ B) positive logic AND gate D) positive logic OR gate 5) The current flows through the load resistor in this circuit during the ________. 5) _______ A) B) C) D) entire input waveform positive half cycle of the input waveform negative half cycle of the input waveform The diode will block all current and there will be no current flowing through the load. 6) Calculate the peak current that will flow through this circuit, assuming an ideal diode. A) B) C) D) 6) _______ 16.97 mA during the negative half cycle 16.97 mA during the positive half cycle 12 mA during the positive half cycle 12 mA during the negative half cycle 7) For this clipping circuit, what will be the maximum output voltage when the diode is conducting? A) +2.5 V B) +16.97 V C) +19.47 V D) -16.97 V 8) For this clipping circuit, what is the maximum output voltage when the diode is not conducting? A) -16.97 V B) +2.5 V C) +16.97 V 7) _______ D) +19.47 V 9) For this clipping circuit, what is the minimum output voltage when the diode is conducting? 8) _______ 9) __ __ __ _ A) -1.0 V B) +16.97 V C) -16.97 V D) -17.97 V 10) What is the minimum output voltage for this clipping circuit when the diode is not conducting? A) +16.97 V B) -17.97 V C) -16.97 V D) 0 V 11) What is the maximum output voltage for this clamping circuit? A) +11 Volts C) +21 Volts 11) ______ B) -11 Volts D) -21 Volts 12) What is the minimum output voltage for this clamping circuit? A) +1 V 10) ______ B) +21 V C) -1 V 12) ______ D) -11 V 13) What are the minimum and maximum values of current flowing in the variable load resistor while the diode is operating in the Zener region? The er Zen voltage is 10 V. 13) A) B) C) D) ___ ___ 8 mA and 40 mA 12.5 mA and 40 mA 8 mA and 35 mA Need to know the load resistance to determine the values. 14) The point of intersection between the characteristic curve of the diode and the resistors loadline is known as the ________. A) Q-point B) point of operation C) quiescent point D) All of the above 14) ______ 15) Given a series silicon diode circuit with the resistor R = 2 kΩ ohms and 15) ______ an applied voltage of 10 V, what is A) 1.0 mA B) 4.65 mA ? C) 10 mA D) 0.5 mA 16) A series silicon diode circuit has a 2 kΩ resistor and a 10 V source. Determine A) 2 V if is 4.5 mA. B) 11.5 V C) 0.7 V D) 1 V 17) For this series diode configuration, use the diode characteristic to estimate the value of A) 10 V 17) ______ . B) 0.92 V C) 92 mV D) 9.2 V 18) Generally a silicon diode is in the ________ state if the current established by the applied voltage source is in the direction of the diode symbol's arrow and A) on C) reverse-biased 16) ______ is greater than or equal to 0.7 V. B) saturated D) off 18) ______ 19) Generally a germanium diode is in the ________ state when the current established by the applied voltage source is in the direction of the diode symbol's arrow and A) off C) on is greater than or equal to 0.3 V. B) reverse-biased D) saturated 20) The practical value of the current A) 0 A 19) ______ B) 0.5 A in this circuit is ________. C) 0.5 mA D) 5 mA 21) The resistor voltage and resistor current in this circuit are ________. A) 10 V, 5 mA C) 2 V, 11 mA 20) ______ 21) ______ B) 11 V, 2 mA D) 11 V, 11 mA 22) What is the value of the voltage dropped across forward-biased silicon diodes that are connected in parallel with each other? A) 0.7 V B) 1.4 V C) 11.3 V D) 0.3 5 V 22) ______ 23) The value of 23) ______ A) 10.6 V in this circuit is ________. B) 11.3 V C) 0.7 V D) 0.3 V 24) When the diode in a half-wave rectifier points toward the load, the output from the rectifier is ________. A) either positive or negative, depending on the polarity of the transformer secondary voltage B) negative C) positive D) full-wave 24) ______ 25) A half-wave rectifier with the diode arrow pointing away from the load has a DC output voltage of ________ for an AC input voltage of 20 V maximum. A) -6.14 V B) -13.65 V C) 19.3 V D) 12.49 V 25) ______ 26) Why are bridge rectifiers preferred over full-wave center-tapped rectifiers? A) They require a lower PIV rating. B) They provide higher dc output voltages. C) They do not require the use of a center-tapped transformer. D) All the above 26) ______ 27) A bridge rectifier has values of = 177 V, turns ratio = 5 : 1, and = 500 Ω. What is the dc output voltage? A) 21.62 V B) 3.75 V C) 9.91 V D) 6.88 V 27) ______ 28) A positive full-wave center-tapped rectifier has a secondary voltage of 20 28) ______ . The peak load voltage for the circuit is ________ if the diode drop is included. A) 19.3 B) 10 C) 20 D) 9.3 29) A full-wave center-tapped rectifier has a secondary maximum voltage of 29) ______ 20 and a 4.7 kΩ load resistance. What is the dc load current for the circuit? A) 1.4 mA B) 2.61 mA C) 629.8 mA D) 1.26 mA 30) Which of the following circuits is used to eliminate a portion of a signal? A) damper B) voltage multiplier C) clipper D) voltage divider 30) ______ 31) The two general categories of clippers are ________. A) series and parallel B) dc restorer and dc eliminator C) regenerator and eliminator D) half-wave and full-wave 31) ______ 32) The circuit shown here is a ________. 32) ______ A) shunt clipper C) series clamper B) shunt clamper D) series clipper 33) A(n) ________ is commonly used to provide transient protection. A) multiplier B) eliminator C) clamper D) clipper 33) ______ 34) Which of the following circuits is used to change the dc reference of a signal without changing the shape of the signal? 34) ______ A) a voltage divider C) a clamper B) a clipper D) a voltage multiplier 35) A clamper must have a(n) ________ that is large enough to maintain the capacitor's charge during diode conduction. A) diode voltage B) applied voltage C) RC time constant D) dc restorer 35) ______ 36) This circuit uses a ________. 36) ______ A) negative clamper C) positive clamper B) negative clipper D) positive clipper 37) Assuming this circuit uses a silicon diode, the output voltage is clamped to ________. A) 10.7 V B) 5.7 V C) 5.3 V 37) ______ D) 4.3 V 38) The biased clamper has a dc reference voltage that is ________. A) equal to the dc average of the circuits output signal B) approximately equal to zero volts C) approximately equal to the dc voltage that is applied to the diode D) dependent on the peak-to-peak value of the ac input 38) ______ 39) Given that a 1000 Hz signal is applied to a clamper with a resistor value of 10 kΩ, what is the minimum value of capacitor needed to maintain safe clamping action? A) 250 pF B) 0.25 pF C) 5 pF D) 10 pF 39) ______ 40) When the output signal to a clamper circuit is clamped to zero, the total swing of the output is equal to ________. A) half the total voltage drop B) the total diode voltage drop C) the total input voltage swing D) half the total input voltage swing 40) ______ 41) The Zener diode is on if the applied voltage, V, is ________. 41) ______ A) V < C) V < /2 B) V > 2 D) V ≥ 42) When in its "on" state, the voltage across an ideal Zener diode, ________. A) gets smaller with an increase in applied voltage B) increases sharply with a decrease in applied voltage C) gets larger with an increase in applied voltage D) None of these 42) ______ 43) The Zener diode must be operated such that ________. A) the applied voltage is greater than 43) ______ B) is less than the specified C) × = D) All of these 44) The most frequent application for a ________ is in regulator networks and as a reference voltage. A) half-wave rectifier B) ideal diode C) full-wave rectifier D) Zener diode 44) ______ 45) A typical Zener diode regulator circuit uses a ________. A) resistor in parallel with the load B) dropping resistor in series with the load C) Zener diode in series with the load D) Zener diode in parallel with the series resistor 45) ______ 46) When the Zener regulator is used to stabilize the output voltage, given a fixed input voltage and a variable load resistance, a load resistance that is too small results in ________. A) B) being equal to being less than 46) ______ C) being greater than D) being equal to 47) When a Zener diode circuit is used to stabilize the output voltage given a fixed load resistor and a variable input voltage, the input voltage must be ________. A) small enough to turn on the Zener diode B) large enough to turn off the Zener diode C) small enough to turn off the Zener diode D) large enough to turn on the Zener diode 47) ______ 48) Two Zener diodes connected ________ can be used as an ac regulator. A) in series with the load B) in series with the input voltage C) back-to-back D) in parallel with each other 48) ______ 49) A Zener diode is designed to operate in the ________ region of its characteristic curve. A) forward operating B) reverse bias 49) ______ C) zero voltage D) reverse breakdown 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) 23) 24) 25) 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) 31) 32) 33) 34) 35) 36) 37) 38) 39) 40) 41) 42) 43) 44) 45) 46) 47) 48) 49) D D A D B A A C A D C C A D B D D A C A D A D C A D A D D C A A D C C A D C A C D D D D B B D C D