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Physical Geography of Northwestern Europe Northern European Plain - fertile soil and abundant rivers drew farmers to the area https://mrgrayhistory.wikispaces.com/file/view/E_Middle_Ages_-_Map.jpg/244130101/929x850/E_Middle_Ages_-_Map.jpg Northern European Plain - fertile soil and abundant rivers drew farmers to the area - loess deposits make the southern edge especially fertile https://mrgrayhistory.wikispaces.com/file/view/E_Middle_Ages_-_Map.jpg/244130101/929x850/E_Middle_Ages_-_Map.jpg http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/10/6410-004-DDC5B011.jpg Northern European Plain - fertile soil and abundant rivers drew farmers to the area - loess deposits make the southern edge especially fertile - warm winds from the North Atlantic Current blow through the plain and keep climate of Northwestern Europe mild https://mrgrayhistory.wikispaces.com/file/view/E_Middle_Ages_-_Map.jpg/244130101/929x850/E_Middle_Ages_-_Map.jpg http://hectorserranomarinescience.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/0/9/17099420/5165240.png?358 the Alps - a high and jagged mountain range created by the folding of the Earth’s crust and shaped by glaciation http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/alps.gif http://giussani.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/05/05/thealpsimaxmovie.jpg the Alps - a high and jagged mountain range created by the folding of the Earth’s crust and shaped by glaciation - runs from southern France through Switzerland and Austria to the Balkan Peninsula http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/alps.gif http://www.ultimate-ski.com/media/1023073/the-alps-teaser.jpg the British Isles - two largest islands are Great Britain & Ireland, thousands of smaller islands http://my.nd.edu/s/1210/images/editor/Travel/2014_trips/british_isles-1.jpg http://www.boatbookings.com/yachting_content/images/uk/white_cliffs.jpg Alps provide major water sources - long, narrow, deep lakes that provided a good place to settle because they contain water power for industry and water routes for transportation Alps provide major water sources - Rhine River, Rhone River, and Danube River begin in or around the Alps http://www.rhinecycleroute.eu/stages/from-the-source-of-the-river-rhine-to-lake-constance/lake-toma/bandeau_poibandeau http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Rhine.jpg about 25% of the Netherlands lies below sea level - big storms in the North Sea can cause big problems http://australianclimatemadness.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/polders1.jpg about 25% of the Netherlands lies below sea level - big storms in the North Sea can cause big problems - the North Sea Flood of 1953 caused 1,836 deaths http://australianclimatemadness.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/polders1.jpg http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/660/media/images/65588000/jpg/_65588490_hollandflooding1953ap.jpg http://tech-ops.co.uk/next/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/1953-north-sea-flood.jpg http://d29qn7q9z0j1p6.cloudfront.net/content/roypta/363/1831/1293/F4.large.jpg using dikes as protection, the Dutch have reclaimed land from the ocean called polders http://ww3.hdnux.com/photos/31/01/33/6559430/3/920x920.jpg rivers provide links between inland areas and the sea - Rhine River - connects many industrial cities to the port of Rotterdam http://yosemitephotoworkshops.com/CastlesAlongRhine-map_400.jpg http://cache-graphicslib.viator.com/graphicslib/destination/rhine-river-133772.jpg rivers provide links between inland areas and the sea - Rhine River - connects many industrial cities to the port of Rotterdam - Thames River allows ships to reach the port of London in England http://cdn.londonandpartners.com/visit/general-london/areas/river/76709-640x360-houses-of-parliament-and-london-eye-on-thames-from-above-640.jpg rivers provide links between inland areas and the sea - Rhine River - connects many industrial cities to the port of Rotterdam - Thames River allows ships to reach the port of London in England - Seine River connects Paris to the English Channel