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CHAPTER 4 NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES • Distinguish between verbal and nonverbal communication • Use body language to reinforce your verbal message • Recognize when someone is not telling the truth • Explain how the same gesture can have different meanings in different cultures INTRODUCTION • What is a nonverbal message? • How much of our communication is nonverbal? BODY BASICS • Different cultures have different understandings • Can be helpful when sending messages BODY LANGUAGE • Also called the silent language • DEF: way we use our bodies to send messages • Body language always wins over verbal communication BODY LANGUAGE • Why so important? • People remember what they see • Helps us recognize the truth BODY LANGUAGE • Often, complicated feelings spill out in the form of body language • “No mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his fingertips”- Sigmund Freud • Facial expressions a leakage of feelings • Body language is also diverse READING BODY LANGUAGE • Must be careful on how you interpret body language • Positive Body Language: • • • • • Relaxed posture Good eye contact Nodding agreement Smiling at humor Leaning closer READING BODY LANGUAGE • Negative Body Language: • Body tension • Arms folded • Speaking hand to mouth • Fidgeting • Yawning USING BODY LANGUAGE EFFECTIVELY • Change your body language, feelings will change as well • Can look at feel better by using more positive body language • Body language is contagious INTERPRETING NONVERBAL MESSAGES • People express and interpret nonverbal messages differently • May sometimes put on a false front • We have learned to behave and hide our true feelings • Reading the true meaning of nonverbal messages • Don’t just look- observe • Be alert for variations of the norm • Remember that one signal alone may mean nothing, what you are looking for are clusters of signals FACIAL EXPRESSIONS • Pay a great deal of attention to other people’s faces • Example: babies • Six emotions are the most popular • • • • • • Surprise Fear Anger Disgust Happiness Sadness FACIAL EXPRESSIONS • No single area of the face best reveals emotions • Certain features are important to certain emotions • • • • Disgust: nose cheek mouth Fear: eyes and eyelids Sadness: brows and forehead Happiness: cheeks and mouth TONE OF VOICE • Tone can offer a valuable clue into a speaker’s feelings • Pitch, pauses, and rhythm important • What meanings can the word “oh” have? • Rate of speech can tell us about the speaker’s feelings HOW TO TELL WHEN SOMEONE IS LYING • Control some parts of our bodies better than others • Easiest parts to control are the ones we are most aware of • Like smiles and frowns • General body postures can be revealing • Desmond Morris Study • • • • Decreased hand activity Increased face touching Stiff and rigid posture Increased body shifting MULTICULTURAL MESSAGES • Body language is not universal • Examples: • Thumbs up • Hug CULTURAL DIFFERENCES • We expect to communicate face to face better • But with cultural differences, nonverbal is not always better GESTURES AROUND THE WORLD • Why do humans use the same gestures? • Examples: • Nodding • Tapping your head with forefinger • Scratching your head GESTURES AROUND THE WORLD • Signs of greeting • Handshakes • Gentle, firm, Texan • Kisses • Close friendships • Bows • Many Asian countries TOUCHING CUSTOMS • Touching is a language of physical intimacy • Can be the most powerful of communication channels • Affects sexes differently • Women respond more positively • Men respond negatively WATCHING MY SPACE • • • • • All like a bubble of personal space Represents our personal territory Americans- about 2 feet Latin Americans and Middle Easterners- much closer Types of space: • • • • Intimate Personal Social Public
