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Pilot waves of de Broglie-Bohm and
Gravity waves in the universal matrix
The true nature of particles such as electrons, quarks, leptons ....
is still a mystery, they tend to evolve into certitude without any
additional reasonable argument. Nobody ever reasonably
explained how gravity works either, and what about the concept
of time ..... ?
What are the underlying structures of our universe, and would
it explain gravity. A completely new perspective on how string
theory works gives us in an insight, in a very elegant way, into
the structure and function of our universe.
Do not be fooled by the simple introduction, the structure of the
reasoning leading to astonishing results that more than likely will
encounter resistance and consternation ..... but so be it
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A SIMPLE QUESTION WITH ASTONISHING CONSEQUENCES
Is it even possible for a strings 10-35 cm long to curl up
“ UNEXPECTED RESTRICTIONS IMPOSED BY
THE PLANCK LENGHT “
NO FANCY MATH REQUIRED
T
he concept of the meaning “dimension” starts from the zerodimensional point which positioned in an infinite row (line) translates
into a first dimension.
The minimum number of POINTS to define a straight line is TWO.
(a point is an arithmetic given to make position fixing possible, it is not a reality, it is only there
to visualize a certain given)
If the Planck length being the smallest possible length and the spacing
between two of those points equaling that length, makes that straight line
the smallest possible.
Having defined the smallest possible straight line, what is the smallest
possible surface that can be created by those lines ? The most obvious
candidate is a square ....
but there is a problem !!!!
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The Planck length being the smallest possible length (lp = 1,616 252(81) ×
10−33 m), should make that surface the smallest possible.
The diagonal of that smallest surface is longer than one Planck length but
smaller than two Planck lengths, and since the Planck length is the smallest
meaningful length, fractions of a Planck length don't have meaning,
therefore the only logical option when the diagonal is (out of
necessity) exactly equal to the Planck length, is to conclude
that the square with Planck dimensions, or in other words
a Planck area (2.61219415 × 10-70 m2), is in fact a circle,
The Planck area is due to the restrictions imposed by the
Planck length itself, a circle with a diagonal equal to that
Planck length,
BUT IS THAT ENTIRELY CORRECT ?
STRINGS AND D-BRANES
S
trange things begin to occur in the world of quantum physics when
embroidering on the previous. Is the string and brane theory
propagated until now still valid?
If cosmic strings and branes are the real underlying structures of the
universe, the first task is to determine their real quantum properties, and
then to try to deduce the underlying universal structures, lets have a
glimpse ....
In theories of particle physics based on string theory, the characteristic
length scale of strings is typically in the order of the Planck length, so ....
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Strings are in the order of 10-35 cm long and are therefore a first
dimension equivalent.
Neumann allowed the end point of a string free movement, Dirichlet
constrained its movement to one plane known as a D-brane or Dp-brane,
where the “p” stands for the number of spatial dimensions of the
plane/manifold. A D0-brane is what we know as a point and a D1-brane would
be essentially a string, and a D2-brane is a plane.
A D1-brane has one dimension, and is thus a string–like object,
D2-branes are objects defined as a space on which end points of a
string can be attached
The smallest D2-brane conceivable is defined by four D1-branes with Planck
dimensions, two by two parallel to each other and therefore spaced by that
same Planck length, in fact similar to a Planck area, and will as previously
argued .... form a circle.
But again there is something strange about this specific D2-brane.
As argued before the Planck length is the smallest meaningful
length,
fractions of a Planck length don't have meaning,
The circumference of our D2-brane (a circle) is not a multiple of the Planck
length what makes that circle an impossibility, and the question arises if
there is a minimum 'true size' to that circle.
The
solution
lies
in
answering the question “what
mathematical figure has a
circumference
of
three
times the diagonal of our
circle?” (in stead of 3,14
times), the answer is a
hexagon. A hexagon com-
posed of three D1-branes in stead of four.
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The smallest D2-brane(s) is (are) NOT a square(s) or (a) circle(s)
but is (are) in fact a two dimensional hexagonal(s), a quantum
of space, composed of three D1-branes.
This also means that (single) closed strings with a diagonal
smaller than the Planck lenght can not exist, which makes the
assumption that 6 out of the 10 spacetime dimensions in string
theory wraped up to a size of 10-35 m, are incorrect.
This fundamental particle can be regarded as a bit (0, 1) of
information .
Back to the drawing tables ?
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WHERE STRINGS AND BRANES MEET
The
first
dimension
in
the
quantum
world
are
D1-branes.
Two nearby D1-branes or strings “may” interact by exchanging a third string
or with a nearby third string, they will always tangle together, in such a way
that they ultimately form a hexagon, a D2-brane.
The second dimension down in the quantum world is composed out of .... D2branes (on which end points of a string can be attached), shaped as
hexagonal prisms with Planck length dimensions, bonded together by strings
and therefore molded into a two dimensional fabric, a flexible field.
“n” layers of this two dimensional field, will transform into a 3D canvas
or matrix, the quantum dimension .... from which emerge all the elementary
particles.
In the second dimension D2-branes are bonded together by strings, but in
turn the layers of the two dimensional field that makes up the 3D canvas
are also separated by strings. These strings are “open” strings with one or
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both endpoints on the surface of a D2-brane. They have no fixed point of
attachment and (may) slide over the surface(s) of the D2-brane(s).
Two hexagonal D2-branes inextricably bonded by one or more strings is
(are) in fact a D3-brane(s). The third dimension of the D3-brane is not the
height to indicate the third dimension in space, but rather the stacking of
n-layers of D2-branes separated by strings.
If the Planck length is in fact the smallest possible length(!), it implies that
it is impossible at that level to compress the quantum dimension still
further, so it is fair to say that the Planck length materialized in the form
of a string is a “force” sustaining the 3D canvas/matrix, it is a strong
force.
Extending throughout the whole of space it prevents space to
implode, it acts as force field.
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A
s strings want to contract to minimize their potential energy, the law
of conservation of energy prevents them from disappearing, and
instead they vibrate/oscillate which makes it possible for the flexible
D2-brane field and in turn the 3D canvas/matrix to oscillate/vibrate. In
other words branes will never touch one another, it is an endless cycle of
near collision, rebound, stretching and near collision over again, waves in an
endless ocean .... In that capacity strings act as a weak force.
One can argue that our universe is build out of infinitely interconnected
tiny dots, almost like a viscous liquid.
It is most likely that this interaction of strings with the 2D-brane field and
3D-canvas/matrix is the source of dark energy?
The potential energy due to the force of the oscillating strings that
attracts the branes to one another is transformed into kinetic energy which
is converted into matter.
How this works .... “Activated” by (a) vibrating string(s) a D3-brane or space
quantum transmits its energy to the next vibrating string(s), which is (are)
already vibrating on its (their) own, reinforcing the energy level, to the
next D3-brane along the path of least resistance, determined by the origin
of the force, its magnitude, and the state of surrounding space.
Because string theories are by nature relativistic, adding energy to a string
is
equivalent
to
adding
mass,
by
Einstein’s
relation
E
=mc2.
Oscillating/vibrating strings and D3-branes/space quanta therefore have
mass, reason why starting from the most fundamental state of matter
things/objects have mass. The source of the missing dark matter?
When energy is transferred from one space quantum to the next this chain
of space quanta vibrations/oscillation creates a traveling wave.
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Traveling waves of space quanta (D3-branes) vibrate/oscillate at specific
frequencies which correlates with their source and propagate steadily
forward at the speed of light. When two or more complementary traveling
waves of (3D-branes) space quanta interact, they form a standing wave.
The result of this interaction is mass, a particle. Mass is thus in essence
vibrating/oscillating space quanta (D3-branes) giving birth (among other
particles) to each of the elementary particles, six quarks and six leptons
each with their own unique vibrational signature.
On the assumption that a D2 brane equals a bit of information and
supposing that an activated D2 brane would be represented by "01
" and an inactive bit as “00”, it is reasonable to assume that the
traveling waves or space quanta contain information in such a way
that if two complementary traveling waves interact and form a
standing wave this would result in an elementary particle with mass
... .. a digital universe? ….
Destructive interference is the cause that not all standing waves lead to
the formation of a particle.
Once a particle is created it will always attempt to regain its original state,
back to the matrix.
( ....... A thought comes to mind. Would it be possible to “surf on a
wave of space quanta” like a surfer on the waves of the ocean, to
explore unknown worlds in the vastness of the universe, .... only
time will tell )
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A
LL OBJECTS HAVE A FORCE THAT ATTRACTS THEM TOWARDS
EACH OTHER ....
In fact it is all a matter of interaction, once a particle has been created it
is heavier than the matrix, it will move in the direction with the least
resistance.
Why do boats collide on rocky coasts? Waves are the most important reason
why a ship drifts towards the coast .....
The 3D-matrix is constantly vibrating and creating its own very large and
slow waves, similar to the pilot waves of de Broglie-Bohm. Larger objects
are not so heavily influenced by the movement of those waves than smaller
objects and it is why seemingly smaller objects are attracted by bigger
objects, smaller objects move faster and catch up with the heavier objects
and often collide. Gravity of the matrix.
 Thus the bigger the object, the more the effect of stretching and
rebounding affects the surrounding medium, the more gravity has an
effect on the smaller objects in the neighborhood. (The Newtonian Idea
of gravity deepened)
 Gravity as a deformation of the space-time continuum, the fabric of the
empty space, caused by the presence of a mass but in a
different
perspective. (Einstein’s idea redirected)
The 3D-Matrix waves do not always move in the same direction because the
interconnecting strings do not necessarily vibrate at the same rhythm, large
parts of the 3D-matrix may therefore exhibit a totally different
vibrational pattern.
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These other patterns are (might be) the reason that large and small
objects clump together to form larger objects .... the cradle of the cosmos
with its countless number of stars and galaxies.
The force of gravity on earth however, is reinforced through a combination
of several constituent factors: the universal pressure (the vibrating D3matrix), the weight of the atmosphere, the surrounding medium, heat, the
shape of the object ...
For example when a stone falls to the ground this universal pressure , the
weight of the atmosphere, the medium (air/water, ...), the shape of the
object ... plays an important role of how earth’s gravity works.
Are there different types of gravity? Certainly not but in certain
circumstances gravity can be enhanced or reduced in strength as a result
of local conditions.
Finally .....
all our scientific knowledge has an insurmountable handicap due to the
evolutionary origins of TIME. It is the reason why we are entangled in
endless mathematical and philosophical debates and yet extremely limited
in understanding the universe.
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We must understand Loop Quantum Gravity in the absence of
a background space-time.
TIME THE ELUSIVE FACTOR
At the origin of the universe very basic building blocks, already defined in
the three-dimensional hexagonal quantum canvas, were transformed into
more complex structures and the factor time
played no role in this process. The formation of
the universe was and still is an ongoing process
with faults and successes, which eventually leads
to the small and large structures around and above
us. There was no need for a time factor in the
genesis of the cosmos until the first lump of
organic matter responded to its surroundings.
The simplest organism ever, a biochemical structure, that drew its energy
from the watery environment in which it originated through osmosis,
developed over time a very rudimentary electromagnetic radiation sensitive
spot which could have been the precursor of a nervous system that enabled
these organisms, at a very basic level, to be aware of their surroundings.
It is unlikely that that sensitive spot already responded to the wavelengths
that we perceive, this probably shifted evolutionary.
To enable the interaction between the clear-cut outside world, and the
precursor of this nervous system, a suitable “sense organ” had to develop in
order to make it possible to translate the number of bits of data derived
from the electromagnetic field into manageable information.
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This very early underdeveloped nervous system was not yet able to effect
the correct sequence of these bits which would have resulted in jerky
impressions/movements, a succession of small, non- flowing events with
much background noise.
The solution lay in the development of a kind of filter so that by dividing
the incoming data (colored dots in this example) with extremely small
spatial separations the input of that same data became much more fluid.
The more spatial separation between the receiver and the incoming data
the farther away that data (was) is situated.
Reduction of data input and interference suppression made it possible to
detect and/or identify distinctive points or regions, transforming images
into point clouds.
These elements, the possibility to translate a number of bits of data
derived from the electromagnetic field into manageable information and
dividing these data with extremely small spatial separations gave birth to
the concept of “depth” which made it possible to visualize the world in three
dimension.
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When at a certain point in evolution this basic life form made its first
attempt to explore the environment, it was important to be able to
estimate how much effort it would take to go from point A to point B
and back .... and each time distance ( = spatial separation between the
receiver and the incoming data ) was further subdivided into smaller
chunks which gave a more exact idea of the distance to bridge.
The
more " chunks " the more accurate the measurement, and ultimately these
chunks were the forerunner of what became finally known as .... TIME.
(“The music is not in the notes, but the silence in between”
~Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart~)
Time is an evolutionary given and not something that sprouts out of the
big bang or whatever was the beginning of our universe..
There was no need for a time factor in the genesis of the cosmos.
Our modern brains are still working on the old principle of reducing data
input and suppression of interference in perceiving objects and events
at any speed, which often gives us a distorted picture of reality.
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VERY LIMITED PRELIMINARY C O N C L U S I O NS
Time is an evolutionary given. There was no need for a time factor in the creation of the
cosmos, but our brains cannot project a world in 3D without it, so one has to wonder
whether the world as we perceive and attempt to unravel in mathematical formulas, is
the reality.
Often I have the impression that in some way ( these) “mathematical
formulas” are trying to give us a glance on how our brains function
rather than explaining the “reality” that seeps in.
The Universe is not, as often claimed a hologram projected from a substrate that exists
only in lower dimensions, THE universe is an entity entirely on its own. It is in fact a
quantum based matrix with high probability that it is built on a digital basis.
Information in the cloud …. ????
It is designed out of “n” layers of a two dimensional field made of the smallest hexagonal
D2-branes possible, woven into a 3D canvas or matrix, the cradle of existence, which
became a ”perceptible reality” once that first blob of organic matter responded to its
surroundings and evolved out of the primordial soup, molding its own three-dimensional
image.
It does not imply that the universe came into existence at that very
moment, it was already there but we were not yet around to marvel on
its grandeur.
As the origin of particles unravels, dark energy and dark matter moved out of the
shadow.
At the same time there is that new concept how gravity works, it deepens the Newtonian
idea about gravity and at the same time redirects Einstein’s idea of a curved universe. It
doesn’t rejects both theories, it only adds new insights on the universal and terrestrial
gravity.
In physics the definition of a closed string is a string that has no end-points, and therefore
is topologically equivalent to a circle, but as proven a single string is unable to curl up
and if a “closed string” refers to a single string with the assumption that one of the
vibrational modes of a closed string can be identified as the graviton, there is a problem
............
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