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Standard 2 Vocabulary Review
Name __________________________________
Match the term on the left with its definition on the right:
____ Activation
Energy
A. Structure provides extra support and protection for plant cells.
____ Active
Transport
B. These are cells where the genetic material is contained in
membrane-bound nuclei.
____ ATP
C. This is a jelly-like material that fills cells.
____ Base Pair Rule D. This is the use of biological processes, organisms, or systems
to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of
human life.
____ Biotechnology E. This is the main energy storage & transfer molecule in the cell.
____ Cancer
F. Cell organelle that stores material.
____ Carbohydrate
G. A thin, flexible, semipermeable barrier around all cells which
regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
____ Cell
H. This is the last part of the cell cycle. Process in which the
cytoplasm is divided between the two new daughter cells.
____ Cell Cycle
I. These are complex proteins that speed up chemical reactions
by lowering activation energy.
____ Cell Division
J. The series of events in a eukaryotic cell that involve growth,
replication and division. (G1, S, G2)
____ Cell
Membrane
K. This is the foundation for DNA replication, the rule that states
that adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T) and that
cytosine (C) always pairs with guanine (G).
____ Cell Theory
L. Energy stored in chemical bonds of molecules.
____ Cell Wall
M. This holds an organism’s hereditary information; in nucleus.
____ Vacuole
N. These are cells which have become modified and specialized
within an organism. DIFFERENT!
____ Chemical
Energy
O. This is the result of uncontrolled cell division. Often caused by
mutations.
____ Chemical
Reaction
P. This is the result of fertilization, in the early stages of growth
and development.
____ Cytokinesis
Q. This is a membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that is
the production and processing center of proteins & lipids.
____ Cytoplasm
R. The process when molecules tend to move from an area of
high concentration to an area of low concentration.
____ Differentiated S. This is the process of cell reproduction where cell splits into
Cells
two daughter cells.
____ Diffusion
T. This is the process where cells engulf material from outside
their cell membranes.
____ DNA
U. States that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the
basic unit of life, and cells come from pre-existing cells.
____ Embryo
V. This is a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
atoms (1:2:1); it is used by cells to store and release energy.
____ Endocytosis
W. This is the energy needed to activate a reaction.
____ Endoplasmic
Reticulum
X. Structural and functional unit of all living organisms, and are
sometimes called the "building blocks of life."
____ Enzyme
Y. Process requiring energy for the movement of particles across
a cell membrane against the concentration gradient.
____ Eukaryote
Z. The changing of substances to other substances by breaking of
bonds in reactants & formation of bonds in products.
Match the term on the left with its definition on the right:
____ Exocytosis
A. This is a process by which substances are transported across
cell membranes by means of protein molecules.
____ Facilitated
Transport
B. This kind of cell has a large central vacuole and a cell wall.
____ Genetic
Engineering
C. This is the transport of material out of a cell by means of a sac
or vesicle that first engulfs the material and then is exported
through an opening in the cell membrane.
____ Golgi
Apparatus
D. A macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen, which is used by the body for growth and repair.
____ Homeostasis
E. Control center of the cell.
____ Hypertonic
F. Organisms consisting of more than one cell, and having
differentiated cells that perform specialized functions.
____ Hypotonic
G. This is a process in which water moves through a membrane,
from an area of high concentration to an area of low conc.
____ Isotonic
H. One-celled.
____ Lipid
I. Scale used to describe how acidic or basic a solution is.
____ Mitochondria
J. These are organisms where the genetic material is not bound
by a nucleus. They are usually unicellular.
____ Mitosis
K. A non-energy requiring process that moves materials across a
cell membrane with the concentration gradient.
____ Multicellular
L. When the concentration of solute and solvent are equal on
both sides of the membrane.
____ Nucleic Acid
M. Specialized structures that perform specific cell functions.
____ Nucleus
N. Process of manipulating the DNA code of living organisms.
____ Organelle
O. This is an undifferentiated cell whose "job" within the
organism is yet to be determined.
____ Osmosis
P. Relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions.
____ Passive
Transport
Q. A solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis.
____ PH
R. This organelle serves to process and package lipids and
proteins in the cell.
____ Virus
S. A macromolecule made up of mainly carbon and hydrogen
atoms that is primarily used for long term energy storage.
____ Plant Cell
T. A microscopic parasite that infects cells in biological
organisms. They reproduce only by invading & controlling cells
because they lack cell machinery for self-reproduction.
____ Prokaryote
U. The process of nuclear division in cells that produces daughter
cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the
parent cell.
____ Protein
V. Single strand nucleic acid that plays a role in protein synthesis.
____ Ribosome
W. This organelle synthesizes proteins.
____ RNA
X. This is a macromolecule that holds cell information in a coded
form. Made of sugar, phosphate & nitrogen-containing bases.
____ Stem Cell
Y. A solution that causes a cell to shrink because of the high
concentration of solute in the solution surrounding the cell.
____ Unicellular
Z. An organelle found in most eukaryotic cells described as
"cellular power plants", because their primary function is to
convert organic materials into energy in the form of ATP