* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download The Old kingdom
Survey
Document related concepts
Memphis, Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Thebes, Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Animal mummy wikipedia , lookup
Index of Egypt-related articles wikipedia , lookup
Plagues of Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Egyptian pyramid construction techniques wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian medicine wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian race controversy wikipedia , lookup
Joseph's Granaries wikipedia , lookup
Prehistoric Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Middle Kingdom of Egypt wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian religion wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Egyptian funerary practices wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
The Old kingdom Chapter 4, Section 2 Mr. Schifano World History The Old Kingdom • Egypt was made up of two kingdoms: 1. Upper Kingdom 2. Lower Kingdom • Upper was in the Southern part of Egypt • Lower was in the Northern part of Egypt Why??? • Menes was the King of Upper Egypt • In 3100 B.C. he conquered Lower Egypt and united the two kingdoms • He set up a capital at Memphis, a city on the border of Upper and Lower Egypt • In 2600 B.C. the Old Kingdom started in Egypt • Lasted 500 Years • Egyptian cities became centers of religion and government • Kings, priests, government officials, and artisans lived there. • Most Egyptians did not live in these cities • They lived along the banks of the Nile • Most were farmers • There houses were made of sun-baked mud bricks • Only one room • Roof was made out of palm leaves • Built on high ground so they would be safe from yearly floods A. Pharaoh • Strength and unity came from having a strong leader. • At 1st they were called kings • Later they became known as pharaohs • Pharaoh – Egyptian ruler; a ruler, priest, & god • They ruled on Earth as other gods ruled in heaven • The Pharaoh owned all the land in Egypt • He gave land to rich Egyptians and Priests • He made sure there was irrigation and damn built to keep the land in good shape • He made sure granaries were built • Granaries – buildings for storing grain • They were built to store grain from good harvests so people would not starve in times of bad harvests. • The pharaoh chose all government officials • The word of the Pharaoh was law. B. Pyramids • People of the Old Kingdom showed how they felt about the pharaohs by building them pyramids • Pyramid – large Egyptian tombs • B/c the sun set in the west, they were built on the west bank of the Nile • They were designed to protect the Pharaoh’s bodies from floods, animals, and robbers • They believed the Pharaohs would be happy after death if they had their belongings • Their clothes, weapons, furniture, and jewelry were placed in the pyramids • • • • Took years to build Used copper tools Built out of granite and limestone blocks Blocks were pulled to the place where the pyramids were built • Mud and brick ramps were built • The blocks were dragged up the ramps to each layer C. Religious Beliefs • Egyptians believed in many gods • Two important gods: 1. Hapi = river god 2. Re = sun god Osiris = god of the harvest and eternal life • The Egyptians used a process called embalming • Embalming – process used to keep dead bodies from decaying • They preserved the body of the pharaoh because they believed the soul could not live without the body • It was believed by doing this a pharaoh would take care of Egypt • The body was then wrapped with long strips of linen • The wrapped body was then known as a mummy • The mummy of a poor person was buried • The mummy of a rich person was placed inside a special case or coffin • The coffin was then placed in a tomb