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1 Name: _______________________________ Period:__________ Date:__________ Muscles Chapter: 9 START on page 275. 1. What does the word muscle mean? ___________________________ 2. Why is it named that? _____________________________ 3. Muscles transform_________________ energy to _________________ energy. 4. List the 3 Types of muscle: a. b. c. 5. Muscle fibers are ________________________ and depend on 2 kinds of ___________________. 6. Actin and myosin change the ____________________ and __________________ of every cell in the body. 7. Myo- means what?________________________ 8. Sarco- means what?_______________________ 9. Sarcolemma means ________________________ and is found in the _______ _____________ _________ of the muscle fibers . 10. Why is it called skeletal muscle?____________________________________________ 11. They are the ___________________ muscle cells 2 12. The stripes in them are called ____________________ and can be controlled ______________. So therefore they are called _______________ muscle. 13. Skeletal muscle is more overall body __________________. 14. It ____________ easily and must _____________ after short periods of activity. 15. _________________ muscle tissue only exists in the heart. These cells are _____________ like skeleton muscles. 16. Cardiac muscles are _____ voluntary. These muscles contract as set by the heart’s ________________ _______________ . 17. ______________ muscle tissue formed in wall of organs. 18. It’s role is to _____________________________. It has no ____________________ and is ___voluntary. PAGE: 276 19. _________________________ is able to respond to stimulus 20. Stimulus is usually a __________________. 21. This causes an __________________ impulse to make cell _______________. 22. ______________________ is able to shorten forcefully with the stimulus. 23. ______________________ is able to stretch or extend. 24. _______________________ is the ability of a muscle cell to recoil & resume length. 25. Skeletal muscles help us maintain our ___________________ even against the _______ of gravity help ____________ & ____________ joints of skeleton muscles generate __________ as they contract. Skeletal muscles __________________ the visceral organs by enclosing them. 26. Most heat is generated by the ______________ muscle. 3 27. Individual muscle fibers are wrapped and help together by several different ________________ ______________ _____________. 28. The fine sheath of connective tissue surrounds each individual muscle fiber is the _______________. 29. The endomysium-wrapped fibers are grouped into ________________ bundles. 30. The surrounding layer of tissue around those is called _________________. 31. The “overcoat” of dense irregular connective tissues is the ____________________. (Means?____________________________________________.) 32. These tissues sheaths are connected with each other and the ____________ that join muscles to bones. 33. When fibers contact they pull on these ________________, that transmits the pulling __________________ to the ____________ to be moved. 34. Why are they called “series elastic components?” _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 35. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones in at least _________ places. 36. When muscles contract the moveable bone, one ________________ moves toward the immovable or less moveable called the _____________. The origin is usually _______________ to the insertion. 37. Muscles are either ________________ or fleshy. 38. The ____________________ of the muscles is fused to the _________________ of the bones or ___________________ of the cartilage. 4 39. In _______________ _______________ muscles connective tissue wrappings extend beyond the muscle either as a _____________ tendon or a sheet-like ___________________. These ___________ the tendon into the connective tissues covering of bone or _______________, or to the other _______________. 40. ___________________ attachments are more common because of their ___________________________________. 41. Why are tendons more likely to cross rough bony projections?___________________________________________________________. 42. Tendons also ______________________ space because they are smaller. STOP AT MICRO ANATOMY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER ON PAGE: 278