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Name _____________________________________________________________ Solar System Workbook II Page | 1 The assignments Date Due:in this workbook cover the following standards: STANDARD III: Students will understand the relationship and attributes of objects in the Solar System. Understand and correctly use unit vocabulary. Using a table, identify physical properties of the components of the Solar System (i.e., planets, dwarf planets. comets, asteroids, meteors) Page | 2 Kids Discover Planets Magazine Worksheet Before Reading What do you know about the planets in the Solar System? In Before Reading, write true if you think the statement is true. Write false if you think the statement is not true. Then read KIDS DISCOVER Planets. Check back to find out if you were correct. Write the correct answer and its page number. Before After Page Reading Reading Number 1. Earth is one of the gaseous planets. 2. The Sun formed about a million years ago from a collapsing cloud of gas. 3. Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun. 4. The hottest planet in the Solar System is Jupiter. 5. Much of Earth looks blue from space because more than 70 percent of its surface is covered in water. 6. A day on Mars is less than an hour longer than a day on Earth. 7. Planets are often formed after a star is formed. 8. Jupiter has only four moons. 9. Saturn’s rings are made of pieces of ice or rocks coated in ice. 10. Triton, Neptune’s largest moon, is one of the coldest places in the Solar System. Page | 3 It’s in the Reading After reading KIDS DISCOVER Planets, choose the best answer for each question. Fill in the circle. Find your answer on the pages shown in the book icon next to each question. 1. Which of these is not one of the criteria the group of astronomers used to identify an object in space as a planet? a. Its gravity squishes it into a round ball. b. It must orbit the Sun. c. It must have at least one moon, or satellite. d. It must have cleared all other objects in its orbital path. 2. What are the three criteria that a space object must meet to be considered a planet? a. ___________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________________________ 3. Which planets are rocky like Earth? Which are not? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. How are Ceres and Pluto alike? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Page | 4 5. What causes the surface of Mercury to fold like the skin of a dry apple? a. The heat of the Sun. b. The lack of water. c. The slight shrinking of the planet as its iron core cools. d. The freezing temperatures in the shadowed regions at the poles. 6. What is the largest known surface feature of Mercury? __________________________________________________________________ 7. How was the Caloris Basin on Mercury formed? a. By a volcano. b. By a comet. c. By a meteorite. d. By an asteroid. 8. What is a likely reason for Venus being hotter than Mercury? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 9. How is Mars like Earth? a. It has a thin carbon dioxide atmosphere. b. It is cold, dry, and barren. c. Its winter temperatures may be 200 degrees below freezing. d. It has seasons. 10. How is Earth “invading” Mars? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 12. Which of Jupiter’s moons may have life in its buried ocean? a. Io b. Europa c. Ganymede d. Callisto Page | 5 13. What makes up the white clouds of Jupiter? a. Organic chemicals. b. Ammonia ice crystals. c. Faint rings of dust. d. Gases sinking into the atmosphere. 14. What is the Great Red Spot? Why is it red? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 15. Why are Saturn’s cloud bands less prominent than Jupiter’s cloud bands? a. They are made up of ice. b. Giant storms erupt in the atmosphere. c. They are too thin to be seen. d. The top of Saturn’s atmosphere is hazier 16. What makes up Saturn’s thousands of rings? __________________________________________________________________ 17. For what was Saturn named? __________________________________________________________________ 18. What are the fractures of Saturn’s moon Enceladus? __________________________________________________________________ 19. How is Pluto now like Ceres? a. It is now classified as a dwarf planet. b. It has three moons. c. It is 3.5 billion miles from the Sun. d. It was once classified as a planet. Page | 6 20. Why do Neptune and Uranus appear blue-green in color? a. They have very hazy atmospheres. b. They are giant balls of water. c. They have thick atmospheres of hydrogen. d. Methane is in the atmosphere. 21. How far are Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto from the Sun? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 22. What is 2003 UB 313? What is its nickname? How far from the Sun is it? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 23. Name the planets in order by their DISTANCE from the Sun. a. ___________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________________________ d. ___________________________________________________________ e. ___________________________________________________________ f. ___________________________________________________________ g. ___________________________________________________________ h. ___________________________________________________________ Page | 7 24. Name the planets in order from the SMALLEST to the LARGEST. a. ___________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________________________ d. ___________________________________________________________ e. ___________________________________________________________ f. ___________________________________________________________ g. ___________________________________________________________ h. ___________________________________________________________ History of Saturn Discovery (modified from Cassini Educators Guide) Procedure 1. Look at the group of the History of Discovery Cards (get from Mr. Hill). Make sure you understand the information on the cards. 2. Complete the timeline based on the information from the cards. Saturn Discovery Timeline Using the information recorded on the History of Discovery Table, complete the timeline (name, date, what they/it did). Page | 8 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 1660 1670 1680 1690 1700 1650 1660 Page | 9 1770 1780 1880 1890 1790 1900 1800 1910 1920 1930 1940 Page | 10 1940 2000 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Page | 11 Solar System Scavenger Hunt (Picture from http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/solar_system_level2/solar_system_image.html) Using Kids Discover Solar System magazine, complete the list below. Answers can be found in paragraphs, tables, and the captions for photographs. The means you will have to read the magazine very carefully to find answers. Good Luck! Pgs. 2-3 1. A very big system of stars. ___________________________________________ 2. A ball of ice, dust, rocks, and gas a few miles across. ________________________ 3. Orbits a planet. Earth has one. _______________________________________ 4. Third planet from the Sun. ___________________________________________ Pgs. 8-9 5. Is not the hottest planet even though it’s closest to the Sun. _________________ 6. Spacecraft that found a 4,200 mile channel on Venus. _______________________ 7. These planets are spinning balls of rock. _________________________________ 8. After Earth, this is the most likely planet to have life. ______________________ 9. A hole produced by the fall of a meteorite. _______________________________ Page | 12 10. Hurricane-force dust storms whip around this planet. ______________________ 11. The surface of the second planet from the Sun is so hot it will melt lead. ________ Pgs. 12-13 12. These are mostly atmosphere with very, very tiny cores. ____________________ 13. These planets are big, swirling clouds of gas. _____________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 14. Of all the planets that have rings, this planet’s rings are the most stunning. ______ 15. The eighth planet from the Sun. ______________________________________ 16. Planet tilted on its side. ____________________________________________ Pgs. 14-15 17. Was the ninth planet. Is now a dwarf planet. _____________________________ 18. Its orbit is long and skinny. __________________________________________ 19. Forms on comets only when it is close to the sun. __________________________ 20. Left by a comet as it travels through space. Burns up in the atmosphere becoming a meteor. ___________________________________________________________ 21. Space probe that discovered a moon (Dactyl) orbiting an asteroid (Ida). ________ Page | 13 Solar System Trading Cards Task Create a set of trading cards for each planet in the Solar System. Materials 3x5 cards Colored pencils or crayons Charting the Solar System factsheet Any Solar System reference book Each card has two sides. Page | 14 The front shows a picture of the person. It has the name, position, etc. The back gives you information about the person. It has statistics, personal information, fact, etc. Procedure 1. Draw and color a picture of the planet on the front of the card. Include… Planet’s name. Planet’s position from the Sun. (If you are doing Mercury, its position form the Sun would be #1.) 2. On the back of the card, organize and provide the following information (Note: A table is a good way to organize the information). Distance from Sun. Diameter. Composition (what the planet’s made of – gas giant or rocky planet). Number of moons. Does it have rings? Length of day. Length of year. Page | 15 Solar System Cinquain A cinquain is a five-line poem. It follows this pattern: Line 1: One word – subject of the poem Line 2: Two words – describe subject Line 3: Three action –ing words - describe something your does Line 4: Phrase that describes something about your subject Line 5: One or two words – renames what your poem is about (a synonym) Your assignment is to write eight cinquain poems. The eight must include: One cinquain about comets. One cinquain about asteroids. One cinquain about a meteoroid, meteor, or meteorite. Four cinquains about four different planets. Write your cinquains on a sheet of paper and place it in your workbook when you turn it in. Here is your opportunity to use your creativity. Have fun doing this assignment. Examples Mercury Inner, little Freezing, melting, rotating Is the smallest planet Planet Neptune Far, blue Blowing, chilling, intriguing Farthest planet from Sun Gas Giant Dawn Vesta, Ceres Exploring, traveling, seeking Exploring the asteroids Space Probe Page | 16