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UNIT 12 VOCABULARY (ROCKS AND MINERALS) 2015
1) Cementation: A process whereby compacted sediments bind
and stick together and turn into rock.
2) Compaction: A process whereby sediments pack, crush, and
settle under the action of gravity and pressure from overlying
layers.
3) Sedimentary Rock: Rock made of layers of compressed
organic and inorganic sediments.
4) Metamorphic Rock: Rock deep within Earth's crust that has
been exposed to extreme heat and pressure causing changes
to its appearance, structure, and composition.
5) Igneous Rock: Rock formed when heated magma or lava cools
and hardens.
6) Mineral: A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a specific
chemical formula and repeating three-dimensional structure.
7) Magma: Melted rock material beneath Earth's surface.
8) Lava: A result of molten rock material pushed to Earth's
surface by volcanic action.
9) Luster: The way the surface of a mineral reflects light; either
metallic or non-metallic such as silky, dull, glassy, or resinous.
10) Hardness: A measure of scratch resistance of various minerals
through the ability of a harder minerals to scratch a softer
minerals for identification; a set of ten minerals used as a
standard of hardness against which an unknown mineral's
hardness is compared (Known as Mohs Hardness Scale).
11) Streak: The color of a mineral in powdered form.
12) Crystal Formation: Geometric shape of a mineral that reflects
its internal crystalline arrangement of atoms.
UNIT 12 VOCABULARY (ROCKS AND MINERALS) 2015
1) Cementation: A process whereby compacted sediments bind
and stick together and turn into rock.
2) Compaction: A process whereby sediments pack, crush, and
settle under the action of gravity and pressure from overlying
layers.
3) Sedimentary Rock: Rock made of layers of compressed
organic and inorganic sediments.
4) Metamorphic Rock: Rock deep within Earth's crust that has
been exposed to extreme heat and pressure causing changes
to its appearance, structure, and composition.
5) Igneous Rock: Rock formed when heated magma or lava cools
and hardens.
6) Mineral: A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a specific
chemical formula and repeating three-dimensional structure.
7) Magma: Melted rock material beneath Earth's surface.
8) Lava: A result of molten rock material pushed to Earth's
surface by volcanic action.
9) Luster: The way the surface of a mineral reflects light; either
metallic or non-metallic such as silky, dull, glassy, or resinous.
10) Hardness: A measure of scratch resistance of various minerals
through the ability of a harder minerals to scratch a softer
minerals for identification; a set of ten minerals used as a
standard of hardness against which an unknown mineral's
hardness is compared (Known as Mohs Hardness Scale).
11) Streak: The color of a mineral in powdered form.
12) Crystal Formation: Geometric shape of a mineral that reflects
its internal crystalline arrangement of atoms.