* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Chapter 11 - SeymourSocialStudiesDepartment
History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire wikipedia , lookup
Emirate of Crete wikipedia , lookup
History of the East–West Schism wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine Greeks wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty wikipedia , lookup
History of the Byzantine Empire wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine music wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine Papacy wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine dress wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine Empire under the Komnenos dynasty wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine Empire under the Angelos dynasty wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine–Arab wars (780–1180) wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine art wikipedia , lookup
State church of the Roman Empire wikipedia , lookup
Byzantine economy wikipedia , lookup
Constantinople wikipedia , lookup
Chapter 11 Section 1 Byzantium Becomes the New Rome The City of Byzantium Constantine: first Christian Roman emperor Rebuilt port city of Byzantium: dangers of the Germanic Tribes invading east. rich trade of the east. Students recall: In what year did the Western Roman empire finally collapse due to the invasions by Germanic tribes? 476 A.D. Emperor Constantine moved the capital out of Rome and to the eastern capital of Byzantium, a city he renamed for himself – Constantinople. The eastern half of the old Roman empire would now become the Byzantine Empire. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S. Constantinople 330: Constantinople founded Planned as new capital Empire Eastern empire centered in Constantinople developed independently of west Europe c. 530 AD Justinian Emperor of the Eastern Empire 527 Sent military to retrieve Roman lands lost 550: Ruled most of land Rome ever ruled Byzantine Emperors Absolute power/total authority State Church 88 Byzantine emperors 29 assassinations 13 abandoned throne to live in monasteries Building a New Rome Most Byzantines spoke Greek, not Latin. Justinian Code Four works outlined laws of Byzantine Empire The Justinian Code Code—5,000 Roman laws useful to new empire. Digest—Summarized Rome’s greatest legal minds Institutes—Told law students how to use the laws Novellae—New laws passed after 534 527 – Justinian becomes ruler of the eastern empire Justinian I Ruled 527-565 A.D. What did Justinian accomplish during his reign? Conquered new lands and retook former Roman lands so that his new Byzantine empire almost as big as Rome’s had been. Belisarius was Emperor Justinian’s head general and one of the greatest military commanders of his time. He spearheaded Byzantium's attempts to rebuild the Roman Empire, retaking North Africa from the Vandals. His very successes, however, made him many enemies. Incriminated in a plot against Justinian, his eyes were put out on the Emperor's orders in 561 A.D. Belisarius According to a historian named Procopius, Belisarius was stripped of all his possessions and was reduced to begging in the streets of Byzantium. “Belisarius,” by Jacques-Louis David, French Neoclassical painting, 1781. BYZANTINE WEALTH From Trade What can you infer about Constantinople’s location that made it a strategic location to benefit from Trade? PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S. BYZANTINE WEALTH From Trade Very typical Byzantine Art: Church adornments & Religious icons Left: Icon depicting “Presentation of Christ in the Temple,” Byzantine wood painted, with goldleaf background. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S. “Empress Theodora and her attendants” From a collection of mosaics in the presbytery of the Church of San Vitale, The Glories of Constantinople The Hippodrome—60,000 seat stadium The center median of the former Hippodrome racetrack in Constantinople is today a city park in modern-day Istanbul, Turkey The Glories of Constantinople Hagia Sophia Theodora and Justinian preside over the dedication of the magnificent church Hagia Sophia (Church of “Holy Wisdom”) Empire Confronts Enemies 542-about 10,000 people/day died of plague Constant attacks from Avars, Slavs, and Bulgars. 1483, Constantinople finally fell the Ottoman Turks The Church Divides Great Schism – Division of Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christianity Byzantine Art Icons Chapter 11 Section 3 Turkish Empires Rise in Anatolia The Turks Nomadic herders Roamed Anatolia (modern Turkey) Converted to Islam Incorporated into Abbasid Empire The Mamelukes Abbasids noticed military skills of Turks bought/raised Turk child slaves These slaves=mamelukes Gained power in Baghdad Mameluke Sultanate Turkic Art Arab Culture The Rise of the Seljuks Abbasid empire crumbled Turks migrated to their land Seljuk Turks conquered Baghdad 1055 Seljuk Victories 1075, Seljuks attacked Byzantine Empire Almost captured Constantinople Conquered Anatolia, Persia The Crusades Pope Urban II-1095 ordered Christian knights drive Turks from Jerusalem 1099, Christian armies captured Jerusalem slaughtered Muslims, Jews in city 1187, Turks recaptured Jerusalem