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Chapter 5: Jeopardy Review Game DNA 100 What are the three parts of a nucleotide? Draw a picture to show. Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base 200 Who are the two scientists that discovered the shape of DNA? Watson and Crick 300 What makes up a nucleosome? DNA and histones 400 What is the type of bond that forms between the sugar and phosphate backbone? Phosphodiester (covalent bond) 500 What is the type of bond that forms between the nitrogenous bases? Hydrogen (A and T double bonds and G and C triple bonds) RNA 100 Adenine pairs with what base in RNA? Uracil 200 What are the four bases of RNA? A,U,G,C 300 What is the shape of mRNA and what does it do? Single strand and carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm 400 What does tRNA do? Brings amino acid to the ribosome 500 What is the name of the sugar in RNA? Ribose Replication 100 What is pictured in a and b? (Draw a DNA replication picture) a = Okazaki fragment b= helicase 200 Why is DNA replication considered semi-conservative? Each strand contains one old/template strand and one new strand 300 What is the name of the enzyme that adds complementary DNA nucleotides during replication in the 5’ to 3’ direction? DNA polymerase III 400 What is the name of the molecule that is added to the elongating DNA strand during DNA replication? Deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) 500 What are Okazaki fragments? Short sections of DNA formed during DNA replication on the lagging strand Transcription 100 Name of the process of making RNA. Transcription 2000 What is the name of enzyme that adds complementary RNA nucleotides? RNA polymerase 300 What is removed during the formation of a mature RNA? Introns 400 What is the area of the DNA where the RNA polymerase attaches to start transcription? Promoter 500 What is the name of the template strand that is copied during transcription? Antisense strand Translation 100 How many nucleotides are grouped together to form a codon? 3 200 What combines with an amino acid and then binds to a codon? tRNA 300 Where is the anticodon located? Where is the codon located On the bottom of the tRNA. On the mRNA 400 What is the bond that forms between amino acids? Peptide 500 Draw a label a ribosome and include the three sites of translation? E, P, A site Proteins 100 What makes up the primary structure? Amino acid sequence 200 Type of protein structure with multiple polypeptides. Example is hemoglobin. Quarternary 300 What type of protein structure has alpha helix and beta sheets? Secondary 400 What are the two classifications of proteins? Globular and fibrous 500 Name two of the bond involved in tertiary structures. Disulfide bonds (bridges), ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces.
