Download Amines and Amides

Amines and
Amides
Amine
Amines are compounds that can be viewed as
derivatives of ammonia.
Characterized by Nitrogen joined to at least
one alkyl group.
Amines
•Primary
•Secondary
Aliphatic
•Tertiary
Aromatic
Amides
If a carbonyl group lies between the nitrogen
and R the compound is called an amide.
They can be classified same as amine to
aliphatic and aromatic, and aliphatic amides
can be classified to Primary, Secondary and
Tertiary.
O
H
R
N
R'
Physical Properties
Primary and secondary amines have H atom
attached to the N, therefore they are capable
of intermolecular H-bonding.
These forces are not as strong as those
between alcohol molecules which have H
bonded to O, a more electronegative element
than N. This means that amines boils at lower
temperature than alcohols.
 Tertiary amines have no H bonded to N and
therefore can not form intermolecular H-Bonds
All three classes of amines can H-bond with
water.
Amines with low molecular weight are soluble
in water.
Chemical Properties
1. Acetyle Chloride test
- General test for amines
- Evolution of heat and hydrogen chloride gas
indicates a positive reaction(white Fumes).
O
CH3CH2NH2 + CH3CCl
O
CH3CH2NCCH3 + HCl
2. Rimini’s test
- To distinguish Primary amine from secondary
and tertiary
- Positive result  red coloration
3. Simon’s test
- To distinguish secondary amine from primary
and tertiary
- Positive result  Blue – green coloration
5. Bromine test
- To distinguish aromatic from aliphatic amines
- Positive test  white ppt.