* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download briancox
Quantum logic wikipedia , lookup
Uncertainty principle wikipedia , lookup
Quantum state wikipedia , lookup
Atomic nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Peter Kalmus wikipedia , lookup
Weakly-interacting massive particles wikipedia , lookup
Grand Unified Theory wikipedia , lookup
Elementary particle wikipedia , lookup
Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model wikipedia , lookup
Supersymmetry wikipedia , lookup
ALICE experiment wikipedia , lookup
Higgs boson wikipedia , lookup
Technicolor (physics) wikipedia , lookup
Higgs mechanism wikipedia , lookup
ATLAS experiment wikipedia , lookup
Standard Model wikipedia , lookup
Compact Muon Solenoid wikipedia , lookup
Search for the Higgs boson wikipedia , lookup
Future Circular Collider wikipedia , lookup
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The FP420 R&D Project LOI to LHCC signed by 29 institutes from 11 countries - more in the process of joining The aim of FP420 is to install high precision silicon tracking and fast timing detectors close to the beams at 420m from ATLAS and / or CMS FP420 is basically a spectrometer using LHC magnets to bend protons with small momentum loss out of the beam (moveable silicon tracker ~ 8m long) “The LHCC acknowledges the scientific merit of the FP420 physics program and the interest in its exploring its feasibility.” - LHCC “The panel believed that this offers a unique opportunity to extend the potential of the LHC and has the potential to give a high scientific return.” - UK PPRP (PPARC) QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The FP420 R&D Project Motivation from KMR calculations (e.g. hep-ph 0111078) • Selection rules mean that central system is (to a good approx) 0++ • If you see a new particle produced exclusively with proton tags you know its quantum numbers • CP violation in the Higgs sector shows up directly as azimuthal asymmetries • Proton tagging may be the discovery channel in certain regions of the MSSM • Tagging the protons means excellent mass resolution (~ GeV) irrespective of the decay products of the central system At low luminosity (~ 30 fb-1) we can : • Establish the quantum numbers of SM Higgs • Be the discovery channel in certain regions of the MSSM • Make high precision measurements of WW / ZZ couplings • Host of interesting QCD measurements (0.002 < x < 0.015 ) QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The FP420 R&D Project Motivation from KMR calculations (e.g. hep-ph 0111078) • Selection rules mean that central system is (to a good approx) 0++ • If you see a new particle produced exclusively with proton tags you know its quantum numbers • CP violation in the Higgs sector shows up directly as azimuthal asymmetries • Proton tagging may be the discovery channel in certain regions of the MSSM • Tagging the protons means excellent mass resolution (~ GeV) irrespective of the decay products of the central system At low luminosity (~ 30 fb-1) we can : • Establish the quantum numbers of SM Higgs • Be the discovery channel in certain regions of the MSSM • Make high precision measurements of WW / ZZ couplings • Host of interesting QCD measurements (0.002 < x < 0.015 ) QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The FP420 R&D Project Motivation from KMR calculations (e.g. hep-ph 0111078) • Selection rules mean that central system is (to a good approx) 0++ • If you see a new particle produced exclusively with proton tags you know its quantum numbers • CP violation in the Higgs sector shows up directly as azimuthal asymmetries • Proton tagging may be the discovery channel in certain regions of the MSSM • Tagging the protons means excellent mass resolution (~ GeV) irrespective of the decay products of the central system In addition, at higher luminosity (~ 100 fb-1) we can : • Make direct observation of CP violation in some SUSY Higgs scenarios • Disentangle wide range of SUSY scenarios, including nearly degenerate Higgs sectors QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The FP420 R&D Project Motivation from KMR calculations (e.g. hep-ph 0111078) • Selection rules mean that central system is (to a good approx) 0++ • If you see a new particle produced exclusively with proton tags you know its quantum numbers • CP violation in the Higgs sector shows up directly as azimuthal asymmetries • Proton tagging may be the discovery channel in certain regions of the MSSM • Tagging the protons means excellent mass resolution (~ GeV) irrespective of the decay products of the central system FP420 turns the LHC into a glue-glue (and ) collider where you know the beam energy of the gluons to ~ 2 GeV. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 Schematic Outline Spectrometer using LHC magnets to bend protons with small momentum loss out of the beam M ~ 200 GeV M ~ 30 GeV QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The 420m region at the LHC QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Warm beam pipes in air Detectors The 420m region at the LHC QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The 420m region at the LHC QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. How will the redesign be achieved ? ~ £110k from PPRP to fund cryogenic engineering from Cockcroft Institute + CERN designer (current 420m cryostat designer). Managed by Keith Potter at CERN QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Movement Mechanism Designs Louvain + Torino + Helsinki QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Movement Mechanism Designs Impact of near-beam structures on LHC beams - 1 RA from PPRP working with Roger Jones + Rob Appleby at Cockcroft Louvain + Torino + Helsinki QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 Silicon Detector Stations QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 7.2 mm x 24mm (7.2 x 8 mm2 sensors) 35 -2 -1 US R&D funded QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 Fast timing Detectors • 1% events at LHC have diffractive proton track in FP420 • @ 2 x 1033 cm-2s-1, 7 interactions / bunch crossing • -> 30% of FP420 events have an additional track • Matching mass and rapidity of central system removes large fraction of these • Of the remaining, 97.4% rejected by fast timing detectors with 10ps timing resolution (2.1 mm) • Preliminary studies give s(overlap) = s(signal) for Higgs -> bb channel @ 2 x 1033 cm-2s-1 . QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 Acceptance and Resolution 3 mm + 3 mm 7.5 mm + 3 mm 3 mm 25 mm 30 mm 5 mm 7.5 mm 10 mm 22 mm MB apertures QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 alignment • @ 1 x 1033 cm-2 s-1 expect ~ 100 - events / fill with standard trigger thresholds • Simulations (Louvain) indicate precision is better than necessary (theoretical limit is LHC beam energy uncertainty , s0 = 0.77 GeV ~ 50 microns) (also WW, M> 200 GeV, s100 fb -> very high sensitivity to anomalous quartic couplings) QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 alignment 5 m will be possible - test bench under construction at CERN Helene Mainaud-Durand, CERN QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. FP420 L1 Trigger • Trigger latency does not allow for 420m detectors to be included in L1 at ATLAS or CMS in standard running mode • Problem for low-mass Higgs -> bb jets • @ 1 x 1032, no pile-up, isolation criteria allows L1 di-jet trigger (rate 2.6 KHz 2 jets ET > 40 GeV reduced to < 1 KHz with isolation + topological cuts) • @ 2 x 1033, 7 pile-up events, tag at 220m + topological cuts OK • @ 1034 require increase in trigger latency from 3.2 -> 4 s (SLHC ~ 6.4 s) • 20% bb events can be saved with triggers at all luminosities • All other channels, e.g. WW(*) , decays, fine. The KMR Calculation of the Exclusive Process QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. q -> Proton Dominant uncertainty: KMR estimate factor of 2-3. Independent estimate by Lund group “definitely less than 10”. Divergent: controlled by Sudakov Power of QT, 6 for pseudo-scalar The benchmark : Standard Model Higgs Production QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. B.E. Cox. et al, Eur. Phys. J. C 45, 401-407 (2006) The benchmark : Standard Model Higgs Production QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Standard Model Higgs WW* : MH = 120 GeV s=0.4 fb MH = 140 GeV s=1 fb MH = 200 GeV s=0.5 fb MH = 140 GeV : 5 (10) signal (1 (2) “gold platted” dl), negligible background in 30 fb-1 H b jets : MH = 120 GeV s=2 fb MH = 140 GeV s=0.7 fb MH = 120 GeV : 11 signal, S/B ~ 1 in 30 fb-1 0++ Selection rule Also, since resolution of taggers > Higgs width: QCD Background ~ •The b jet channel is possible, with a good understanding of detectors and clever level 1 trigger •The WW* channel is extremely promising : no trigger problems, better mass resolution at higher masses (even in leptonic / semi-leptonic channel) •If we see Higgs + tags - the quantum numbers are 0++ B.E. Cox. et al, Eur. Phys. J. C 45, 401-407 (2006) FP420 Physics Highlights QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. The intense coupling regime is where the masses of the 3 neutral Higgs bosons are close to each other and tan b is large suppressed enhanced 0++ selection rule suppresses A production: CEDP ‘filters out’ pseudoscalar production, leaving pure H sample for study MA = 130 GeV, tan b= 50 Mh = 124 GeV : 71 signal / 10 background in 60 fb-1 MH = 135 GeV : 124 signal / 5 background in 60 fb-1 MA = 130 GeV : 1 signal / 5 background in 60 fb-1 Well known difficult region for conventional channels, tagged channel may well be the discovery channel, and is certainly a powerful spin/parity filter QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Probing CP violation in the Higgs Sector Azimuthal asymmetry in tagged protons provides direct evidence for CP violation in Higgs sector ‘CPX’ scenario sin fb CP even CP odd active at non-zero t Ongoing work - are there regions of MSSM parameter space where there are large CP violating couplings AND enhanced gluon couplings? B.C., Forshaw, Lee, Monk and Pilaftsis Phys. Rev. D. 68 (2003) 075004 Khoze, Martin and Ryskin Eur. Phys. J. C 24 (2004) 327 CP violation in the Higgs Sector QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. bb decay decay decay J. Ellis et al hep-ph/0502251 QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Evidence for Exclusive Production B. C. and A. Pilkington, Phys.Rev.D72:094024,2005 QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Evidence for Exclusive Production JZ=0 -> for colour singlet bbar production, the born level contributions of a) and b) cancel in the limit mb -> 0 10 GeV < M< 20 GeV QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Evidence for Exclusive Production FP420 Key Milestones QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 12/12 First draft Design Report WP3 28/03 specify candidate Aug - Internal and external designs review WP1 WP2 WP4 17/06 complete drawings for candidates 25/08 Final Spec. 05/09 Test Beam FP420 Collaboration QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. We are at present reviewing FP420 membership, there are jobs still to be done. Contacts : [email protected] (ATLAS) [email protected] (CMS) FP420 Summary QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • We have built a strong international collaboration with the manpower and expertise to deliver forward proton tagging at high luminosity to the LHC •FP420 adds real discovery potential to ATLAS / CMS. • 12 month R&D study fully funded from UK, US and Belgium (~1000K CHF) • Funding bids and significant manpower from Italy, Germany, Finland, Canada • Agreed list of key R&D areas (with CERN) to address machine safety issues and physics goals. • Technical design by Feb 2007 (Manchester 2006) and (if successful) TDRs to LHCC from ATLAS / CMS spring 2007. • First opportunity for installation is autumn 2008, dependent on LHC schedule. • Physics returns potentially huge