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Psychological disorders
characterized by distressing
worry, fear, and apprehension
or maladaptive behaviors that
reduce apprehension.
Somatoform Disorders
Psychological Disorder
Psychological disorders in
which the symptoms take a
bodily form without an
apparent physical cause
Patterns of thoughts, feelings,
or behaviors that are atypical,
dysfunctional, distressing,
and/or unjustifiable
Mood Disorders
How did I
get here?
Who am
I?
Psychological disorders
characterized by emotional
extremes
Anxiety Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Psychological disorders in
which conscious awareness
becomes separated from
previous memories, thoughts,
and feelings
A widely used system for
classifying disorders
Personality Disorders
Psychological disorders
characterized by inflexible and
enduring behavior patterns that
impair social functioning
Schizophrenia
A group of severe disorders
characterized by disorganized
and delusional thinking,
disturbed perceptions, and
inappropriate emotions and
actions
Medical Model
The concept that psychological
disorders have physical causes
that can be diagnosed, treated,
and, in most cases, cured,
often through treatment in a
Diagnostic and Statistics Manual
hospital
of Mental Disorders
Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic
Treatment
Therapy deriving from the
belief that disorders are the
result of individuals
responding to unconscious
forces and conflict and
childhood experiences. Goal is
to enhance insight
Therapy that helps clients
promote growth and accept
responsibility for conscious
feelings and actions by
focusing on the present and
future.
Cognitive Therapy
Behavior Therapy
Therapy that teaches people
new, more adaptive ways of
thinking and acting, based on
the assumption thoughts
intervene between events and
our emotional reactions
Therapy that applies learning
principles to the elimination of
unwanted behaviors
Humanistic Treatment
Free Association
A psychoanalytic technique in
which the patient says
whatever comes to mind in an
effort to tap into the
unconscious mind
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
In psychoanalysis, the patient’s
transfer to the analyst of
emotions linked with other
relationships, such as love or
hatred for a parent
An integrative therapy that
combines changing selfdefeating thoughts with
changing behaviors
Client-centered therapy
A humanistic therapy
developed by Carl Rogers in
which the therapist uses active
listening within a genuine,
accepting, and empathic
environment to facilitate
clients’ growth
Systematic Desensitization
A type of exposure therapy
that associates a pleasant,
relaxed state with gradually
increasing anxiety-triggering
stimuli
Transference
Counterconditioning
Cognitive therapist who sought
to reverse clients’
catastrophizing beliefs about
themselves, situations, and the
future by revealing irrational
thinking and replacing it with
realistic thoughts
A behavior therapy procedure
that uses classical conditioning
to evoke new responses to
stimuli that are triggering
unwanted behaviors
Did I lock
the door?
Did I leave
the door
unlocked?
Obsessions
Unwanted repetitive thoughts
Token Economy
Aaron Beck
An operant conditioning
procedure in which people
earn a token of some sort for
exhibiting a desired behavior
and can later exchange the
tokens for various privileges or
treats
Compulsions
Theory that the positive
symptoms of schizophrenia
result from overactivity of
dopamine receptors
Unwanted repetitive actions
and rituals
Hallucinations
The Others are
after me because I
know their secrets!
Sensory experiences without
sensory stimulation, most
frequently auditory.
Delusions
Rosenhan Study
False beliefs, often of
persecution or grandeur
The findings showed the
biasing power of diagnostic
labels. We perceive normal
behavior as abnormal if the
person is labeled as having a
disorder.
Dopamine Hypothesis
Psychological Disorders/Abnormal Psychology and Treatment
Instructions:
1. Pair each picture/word with its appropriate definition or description. When you have this completed, check
with your instructor to determine your accuracy.
2. Remove all the definition/description cards and place them to the side. With the picture cards try the following:
 Disorders and Treatment Organization: Categorize the cards into as many groups as you can.
 Pick two: each person picks two cards and explains to the others how they relate (no sharing cards)
 Pick two opposites: each person picks two cards and explains to the others how they are opposite (no
sharing cards)
 Most to least: Order your cards from most common to least common disorders, most disturbing to least
disturbing disorders, most effective to least effective treatment
 Most confident to least confident: Separate your cards into two piles- concepts you are most confident
about and concepts you are least confident about. If there is disagreement among group members, help
explain the concepts to each other.