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Sevda Mammadova Prof. D. Kopec 2238 CIS 718 Expert System Shells System Name MYCIN, EMYCINfirst expert system shell developed from MYCIN Description An expert system shell that can be programmed with knowledge database for different domains Inference Backward-chaining rule interpreter that has much in common with Prolog 2 BABYLON Modular, configurable, hybrid environment for developing expert systems; implemented and embedded in Common Lisp Backward and forward chaining 3 MIKE Free and portable expert system teaching system Forward and backward chaining rules # 1 Strength Deals with uncertainty; caches the results of its computation, which prevents duplication; provides an easy way for user to ask the question; gives explanation of its behavior, can be programmed with knowledge database for different domains; Probabilistic inference; Includes frames, constraints, a prolog-like logic formalism, and a description language for diagnostic applications; implemented in Common Lisp; can be ported to wide range of hardware platforms; available by anonymous ftp User-definable conflict resolution; user-settable inheritance strategies; explanation for rules execution; rule tracing facilities Weakness Was not used much in practice because of ethical and legal issues related to the use of computers in medicine - if it gives the wrong diagnosis, who do you sue? Author Edward Shortliffe, 1974 (created MYCIN as an experiment in medical diagnosis Marc Linster Marc Eisenstadt, Mike Brayshaw Cost Free; available from ftp.gmd.de:/gmd/ airesearch/Software /Babylon Free, non-copy protected distribution; use, copying, modifications, and distribution Contact Juergen Walther AI Research Division GMD (German National Research Center for Computer Science) PO Box 1316 D-53731 Sankt Augistin 1 Germany Marc Eisenstadt Human Cognition Research Lab The Open University 1 Sevda Mammadova Prof. D. Kopec 2238 CIS 718 permitted 4 CLIPS 6.0 * 5 * Different versions are available including: FuzzyCLIPS, DYNAamic CLIPS; CLIPS/ADA version 4.4, CLIPSTOOL, AGENT_CLI PS HUGIN C language Integrated Production System written in ANSI C by NASA Graphical expert system shell, for construction and execution of model based expert systems in domains characterized by inherent uncertainty Forward chaining probability based deduction system Easily embeddable in other applications; includes object-oriented language called COOL (ClIPS Object-Oriented Language) which is directly integrated with inference engine; runs on many platforms; fully documented Hard to compile using a pure C++ compiler; can be compiled on C compilers, since they are based on ANSI C standard Yilmaz Cengeloglu (for version CLIPS 6.0) Has been successfully applied to a variety of knowledge areas including: diagnosis and repair on board unmanned underwater vehicles; thunderstorm warning system; treatment of diabetes; diagnosis in therapy in electromyography; process control in waste water purification; fault analysis in aircraft control; control of centrifugal pumps; image scene interpretation in computer vision and Limited to Solaris, Sun4 and Windows platforms Lauritzen, Spiegelhalter Available from COSMIC (Clips Sales) at a nominal fee ($129 +$5 (domestic)/$10 (foreign)) for unlimited copies with no royalties; If obtained directly from NASA, restricted to use only for US government purposes only available for anonymous ftp from hugin.dk:/pub/RE ADME [130.225.63.15] The WWW home page for HUGIN is accessible by the URL http://hugin.dk/ Melton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK Tel.: +44 90865-3149 Fax: +44 90865-3169 COSMIC (CLIPS Sales) University of Georgia 382 East Broad Street, Athens, GA 30602 Tel.: 706-5423265; Fax: 706-5424807 Hugin Expert A/S Niels Jernes Vej 10 DK-9220 Aalborg Denmark Tel.: +45 98156644 Fax: +45 98158550 2 Sevda Mammadova Prof. D. Kopec 2238 CIS 718 robotics; early fault detection and etc. Small expert system shell for forestry management, written in Prolog Tool for building prototype expert systems; 6 ESFM 7 PROTEST 8 ESIE and Logic-Line ESIE-Expert system shell for personal computers; 9 ACQUIRE Knowledge acquisition system and expert system shell; a complete development Depth first, backward-chaining Backward chaining or mixed; mixed inference first prompts you to enter your initial findings and then tries to deduce one or more of the goals. Logic Line Pattern recognition No explanation for rule execution or how it came to conclusion accepts a knowledge base written in IF-THEN rules whose conditions and conclusions consist of object/attribute/value triples; After PROTEST has given a conclusion, you can ask to see its chain of reasoning Logic Line is an AI retrieval and correlation tool, can be used to find information in an ASCII file or database using keywords provides a step-by-step methodology for knowledge engineering that allows the domain experts themselves to be directly involved in structuring and encoding the Steve Jones, Reading University Steven Salvini, Heriot-Watt University Free; download from src.doc.ic.ac.uk:p ackages/prologpd-software/ (146.169.2.1) Arnold Kochman Shareware ($99) $995 for Windows OS and includes manual, a tutorial, on-line help and telephone helpline Expansion Programs International, Inc. Post Office Box 839 Chesterland, Ohio 44026 USA Tel.: 216-4496104 Fax: 216-5316416 Acquired Intelligence Inc, Suite 205, 1095 McKenzie Avenue, Victoria, Canada V8P 3 Sevda Mammadova Prof. D. Kopec 10 OPS83 developed by the developers of OPS5 as a successor to OPS5 11 JESS environment for building and maintaining knowledgebased applications; knowledge acquisition based on pattern recognition written in C, and OPS83 rule bases can be embedded in C programs expert system shell written entirely in Java 2238 CIS 718 knowledge 2L5, call 604479-8646, fax 604-479-0764, or send email [email protected] a Forward chaining OPS83 was the first OPSlike language to provide this integration of rule bases with C OPS83 is available only for DOS, OS/2, UNIX, VMS, and some proprietary operating systems Charles L. Forgy, George Wood, Jim Kowalski Mark Kantrowitz Free; Public Domain Rete algorithm to process rules gives your Java applets and applications the ability to "reason."; compatible with all versions of Java Undergoes extensive testing Sandia National Laboratories available at no cost for academic use; Contact Craig Smith at casmith@sandia. gov for prices and commercial licensing terms Production Systems Technologies, Inc., 5001 Baum Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, call 412-6834000, or fax 412-683-6347 Sun's JavaTM language by Ernest Friedman-Hill at Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, CA References: CMU Artificial Intelligence Repository (http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/ai-repository/ai/areas/expert/systems/0.html) 4 Sevda Mammadova Prof. D. Kopec 2238 CIS 718 CMU Artificial Intelligence Repository (http://www.faqs.org/faqs/ai-faq/expert/part1/section-7.html) Sandia National Laboratories (http://herzberg.ca.sandia.gov/jess/index.shtml) 5
