Download 5.2.12.C 2011 Physical Science: All students will understand that

5.2.12.C 2011
Physical Science: All students will understand that physical science principles, including fundamental ideas about matter, energy,
and motion, are powerful conceptual tools for making sense of phenomena in physical, living, and Earth systems science. (5.2)
Forms of Energy: Knowing the characteristics of familiar forms of energy, including potential and kinetic energy, is useful in
coming to the understanding that, for the most part, the natural world can be explained and is predictable. (5.2.C)
Essential Questions
1. How do we know that things have
energy?
2. How do the properties of materials
determine their use?
Content Statements
Gas particles move independently and are
far apart relative to each other. The
behavior of gases can be explained by the
kinetic molecular theory. The kinetic
molecular theory can be used to explain the
relationship between pressure and volume,
volume and temperature, pressure and
temperature, and the number of particles in
a gas sample. There is a natural tendency
for a system to move in the direction of
disorder or entropy.
Enduring Understandings
1. Energy takes many forms.
These forms can be grouped
into types of energy that are
associated with the motion of
mass (kinetic energy), and
types of energy associated
with the position of mass and
with energy fields (potential
energy).
2. The structures of materials
determine their properties.
Cumulative Progress
Indicators
Use the kinetic molecular
theory to describe and
explain the properties of
solids, liquids, and gases.
5.2.12.C.1
Labs, Investigation, and Student Experiences
5.2.12.C.1
Websites/Labs
 National Science Digital Library, Science Digital
Literacy Maps The Physical Setting: Energy
Transformations
http://strandmaps.nsdl.org/?id=SMS-MAP-2071
 The Physical Setting: Weather and Climate
http://strandmaps.nsdl.org/?id=SMS-MAP-1698
 National Science Digital Library, Science
Refreshers
http://nsdl.org/refreshers/science/
 Science Curriculum Topic Study:
Energy Transformation p. 213
Solar Weather and Climate p. 191
 ACS Chemistry for Life
http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=t
rue&_pageLabel=PP_ARTICLEMAIN&node_id=4
90&content_id=CNBP_026454&use_sec=true&sec
_url_var=region1&__uuid=c1a992c3-ffba-43ef8217-839c8716739b
 Chemistry Virtual Lab
http://www.chemcollective.org/assignments.php#the
5.2.12.C 2011
Heating increases the energy of the atoms
composing elements and the molecules or
ions composing compounds. As the kinetic
energy of the atoms, molecules, or ions
increases, the temperature of the matter
increases. Heating a pure solid increases
the vibrational energy of its atoms,
molecules, or ions. When the vibrational
energy of the molecules of a pure
substance becomes great enough, the solid
melts.
Account for any trends in the
melting points and boiling
points of various
compounds.
5.2.12.C.2
Desired Results
Open Ended/ EOC Response Items:
rmochemistry
5.2.12.C.2
Websites/Labs
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1. Why does object dropped on your toe from a height of 1 meter cause
more pain than the same object dropped from a height of a few
centimeters? (C.1)
2. Why are spray cans labeled with a bold warning sign that tells
consumers not to dispose of the cans in an incinerator? (C.1)
3. What does a scuba diver need to know about gas laws in order to enjoy
diving without danger? (C.1)
4. Suppose that you drop a 50.0 g piece of metal, at 100.0 oC, into an
insulated vessel containing 100.0 mL (density = 1.0 g/mL) of water at 25.0
o
C. What is the specific heat of the metal if the final temperature of the
combined metal/water system is 30.0 oC? The specific heat of water is
4.184 J/(g oC). (C.2)

National Science Digital Library, Science Digital
Literacy Maps The Designed World: Energy
Resources
http://strandmaps.nsdl.org/?id=SMS-MAP-2246
National Science Digital Library, Science
Refreshers
http://nsdl.org/refreshers/science/
ACS Chemistry for Life
http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=t
rue&_pageLabel=PP_ARTICLEMAIN&node_id=4
90&content_id=CNBP_026454&use_sec=true&sec
_url_var=region1&__uuid=c1a992c3-ffba-43ef8217-839c8716739b
Chemistry Virtual Lab
http://www.chemcollective.org/assignments.php#the
rmochemistry
5.2.12.C 2011
5. The enthalpy change for the following reaction is
∆Ho = 543 kJ.
2 POCl3(g) > 2 PCl3(g) + O2(g)
Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? Explain why. (C.2)
6. Give an example of a physical change that is endothermic, and an
example of a physical change that is exothermic. (C.2)