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______________ – Region of influence surrounding an object. (Think about baseball fields, battlefield, football field, etc.) A field model can be used to explain how 2 objects exerting (applying) forces on each other without touching. When a second object is placed in this region, the field exerts a force on the object and can cause the object to change motion. ______________ Field – Region where ______________ Field – Region where a _________________ Field – Region of space charged objects exert forces on other magnet, electric current, or a moving surrounding a body in which another Definition charged objects . charged particle in which a magnetic body experiences a force of force exerts force on another magnet, gravitational attraction. electric current, or charged particles. Examples: Light bulbs, computers, cell Examples: Magnets, TV, cell phones, Examples: Gravity acting on Earth and Examples phones, batteries, TV, etc. solar wind, auroras, ______________, mid- pulling objects toward the ground. ocean ridges, etc. Charged and Uncharged Particles Weight vs. Mass Have 2 distinct, ______________ ends ______________ – Positive charge ______________ is a gravitational force. o North pole and South pole o Field lines start from N to S. Mass is the amount of matter a body ______________ – Negative charge Properties 2 types of magnets contains. ______________ – No charge o Permanent magnet Object on Earth will weigh o ______________ ______________ than on the moon. Picture Attractive/ Repulsive ______________ charges attract each other. Similar charges ______________ each other. Electric force ______________ as electric charges increase. Electric force ______________ (weakens) with increasing distance. Force increase & decrease Benefit us? The electricity that we use is transformed from mechanical energy to electrical energy in ______________ ______________. ______________ poles attract each other. ______________ poles repel each other. Gravity is an attractive force since it pulls objects ______________ each other. Magnetic force increases rapidly with decreasing distance. Magnetic force ______________ (weakens) rapidly with increasing distance. Earth’s magnetic field protects us from ______________ ______________. Directions – Compass! Gravitational force ______________ with the mass of objects. Gravitational force ______________ (weakens) with increasing distance. Keeps us on the ground instead of floating everywhere! Electric and Magnetic Fields are Related Magnetic fields can produce ______________ currents in conductors (copper). Electromagnets – ______________ magnets that lose their magnetism when the electric current is turned off. o Magnet that runs on ______________. o An electromagnet works as the electric current passes through the wire, small magnetic regions align with the wire’s magnetic field. o The strength of the electromagnet can be increased or decreased by changing the electric current passing through the wires. o If the wire is twisted into a loop, the magnetic field is increased. o The coil of wire spinning around a magnet can form an electric current. o Examples: Motors, generators, blenders, speakers, hard drives, and electric toothbrushes. Electric Motors Generators Description Electric motors turn ______________ energy into ______________ energy. o It contains an electromagnet that rotates between the poles of a magnet. o The coil of the electromagnet is connected to a battery or other source of electric current. o When an electric current flows through the wire in the electromagnet, a magnetic field is produced in the ______________. o The coil rotates because like poles ______________ and opposite poles ______________. o The rotating coil can be attached to a shaft and a blade in an electric fan. Generators work the opposite way (Turn ______________ energy into ______________ energy.) o A coil of wire is wrapped around an iron core. o The wire is placed inside a magnetic field, and the magnets are turned using a turbine. o Generators at Power Plants produce electric energy for our homes. Picture