Download Circulation

1. This diagram shows a section through a human heart
(a) Name the parts labelled A-H.
(8)
(b) Is the blood flowing through vessel B flowing away from or towards the heart? (1)
(c) State two ways in which blood leaving the left side of the heart is different from (2)
blood leaving the right side.
(d) Explain how blood is forced to flow in one direction only through the heart.
(2)
13 marks
2. This diagram shows the blood circulation in the human body.
Use the letters A-H to answer the questions below. Each letter may be used
once, more than once, or not at all.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Which blood vessel is the aorta?
Which blood vessel contains the most carbon dioxide?
Which blood vessel contains digested food?
Which blood vessel contains blood at the highest pressure?
Which blood vessel contains the least urea (waste)?
Which blood vessel contains blood that is bright red in colour?
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6 marks
3. This diagram shows three types of blood vessel found in humans.
A
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
thick
muscular
wall
B
thin
elastic
wall
C
Name the three blood vessels A, B and C.
Does blood in vessel B flow towards or away from the heart?
Why is it important that vessel C has very thin walls?
Why is it important that vessel A has thick muscular walls?
very
thin
wall
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6 marks
4. This diagram shows three kinds of blood cell.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Name the cells A, B and C
(3)
State three ways in which red blood cells are different from white blood cells
(3)
What process are the "C" cells involved in?
(1)
State four substances that are carried in the blood plasma (not in cells).
(4)
11 marks
Mark Scheme
1.
2.
(a) A-Aorta
B-Vena Cava
C-Right Atrium
D-Pulmonary artery
E-(semilunar) valve
F-(bicuspid) valve
G-Left Ventricle
H-Cardiac muscle
(b) Towards
(c) Left side is: going to whole body / at higher pressure / oxygenated / pink (or v/v) (2 points)
(d) Atrio-ventricular valves stops flow backwards from ventricle to atrium
Semilunar valves stop flow backwards from arteries to ventricle
(a) F
(d) F
(b) A / B
(e) D
2
13 marks
6
6 marks
3
1
1
1
6 marks
3
3.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
4.
(a) A = white blood cell, B = red blood cell, C = platelets
(b) red blood cells:
no nucleus/smaller/disk shaped/carry oxygen/haemoglobin/etc
3
white blood cells: bigger/fewer/nucleus/kill microbes/make antibodies/etc (3 points)
(c) blood clotting
1
(d) carbon dioxide, digested food, glucose, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, drugs, hormones,
4
antibodies, clotting factors, heat, etc not oxygen. (4 points)
11 marks
(a) A-cell wall
B- genes / chromosome / DNA
C- cell membrane
6
D- cytoplasm
E protein coat
F DNA/genes
(b) Bacteria are cells / have membranes / are living / are bigger / etc (3 points)
3
(c) They cannot reproduce/grow/respire/feed on their own (MRS GREN)
1
They are not cells
(d) viruses: cold, flu, measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, hepatitis, polio, rabies, AIDS
bacteria: food poisoning, salmonella, typhoid, pneumonia, tetanus, whooping cough, syphilis,
2
gonorrhoea, the plague
(e) by reproducing rapidly inside cells (viruses)
2
by producing toxins (bacteria)
14 marks
(a) infectious
(d) clots
(g) antibodies
(b) acid
(e) white
(h) antitoxins
(c) mucus/cilia
(f) ingesting/engulfing not eating
(i) immune
6 marks
through air / water / food / sex / injections / animal bites / contact / etc (4 points)
4 marks
5.
6.
7.
A = artery, B = vein, C = capillary
towards
so substances can cross between blood and cells
to withstand high pressure / to aid pumping
(c) C
(f) E / F / G / H
8
1
2