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Chapter Thirteen Therapies Psychotherapy • The use of psychological techniques to treat personality and behavior disorders Insight Therapies Insight Therapies • Psychoanalysis • Free association o Positive or negative transference may occur • The analyst’s growing active interpretation promotes insight o Classic psychoanalysis Client-centered therapy o Clients (not “patients”) o Therapists provides unconditional positive regard in a nondirective atmosphere Gestalt therapy • Emphasizes wholeness of the person Recent developments • Short-term psychodynamic therapy Behavior Therapies Behavior Therapies o Desensitization, extinction and flooding § Systematic desensitization § Extinction § Flooding o Aversive conditioning • Therapies based on Operant conditioning o Behavior contracting o Token Economy Therapies based on Modeling Cognitive Therapies Cognitive therapies • Based on changing the clients perceptions of their life situation as a means to modify their behavior Stress-Inoculation Therapy Rational-Emotive Therapy • Therapist’s confront dysfunctional beliefs Beck’s cognitive therapy (AKA cognitive therapy) Group Therapies Self-help groups Family Therapy Couple Therapy o Empathy training o Behavioral techniques Effectiveness of Psychotherapy Effectiveness of various forms of therapy Biological Treatments Drug Therapies • Antipsychotic drugs o Tardive dyskinesia • Antidepressant drugs o MAO (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) inhibitors and tricyclics o Prozac o Lithium o Other medications § Psychostimulants § Antianxiety medications § Sedatives Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) o Unilateral ECT: Psychosurgery Caring for the Seriously Disturbed Deinstitutionalization Alternative forms of Treatment Prevention • Primary prevention § • Biological: Secondary prevention o Disorder already exists • Tertiary prevention Client Diversity and Treatment Gender and treatment Culture and treatment