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Therapies
Psychotherapy
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A systematic interaction between
a therapist and a client that brings
psychological principles to bear
on a client’s thoughts, feelings, or
behavior to help the client
overcome abnormal behavior
(or to adjust to problems in
living)
Different Types of Therapists
 Psychologist
 Counselor
 Psychiatrist
 Psychiatric Social Worker
 Psychoanalyst
Who Goes to Therapy?
People with psychological disorders
 People who want to learn about
themselves
 People with regular problems
(weight loss, depression, shyness)
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Insight Therapies
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Traditional Psychoanalysis
Client Centered Therapy
Cognitive Therapies
Group therapies
Involves verbal interactions intended to
enhance a client’s self knowledge and
thus promote healthful changes in
personality and behavior.
Psychoanalysis
Insight therapy that emphasizes the
recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives,
and defenses though techniques such as
free association, dream analysis, and
transference.
*free association
*dream analysis
*transference (countertransference)
Modern vs.
Traditional
Psychoanalysis
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1-2x weekly
“face to face”
Problem resolution
Active & directive
Supportive,
educational, and
less intense
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4-5x weekly
“couch therapy”
Reconstruct
character
Free association,
transference, and
resistance
Client Centered Therapy
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Carl Rogers’ insight thereapy that emphasizes
providing a supportive meotional climate for
clients who play a major role in determining
the pace and direction of the therapy.
Unconditional positive regard
Empathic understanding
Genuineness
Congruence
Cognitive
Therapies
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Forms of Therapy that focus on how clients’
cognitions lead to distress and may be
modified to relieve distress. Improve a
person’s well being by changing negative
thoughts and maladaptive beliefs
Albert Ellis: Rational Emotive therapy
Aaron Beck: Cognitive Therapy
Problem Solving Training
Advantages of Group Therapies
 Cheaper
 Able to hear
experiences of
others
 Group support
 Similarity
 Improvement
happens
 Social skills
Behavior Therapies
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Behavior is a product
of learning and what
is learned can be
unlearned.
Fear Reduction
Methods
Aversive conditioning
Operant Conditioning
 token
economies
 biofeedback
Biomedical Therapies
 Drug Therapy
Anti-anxiety
anti-psychotic
antidepressants
lithium
 Electroconvulsive
Therapies
 Psychosurgery