Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
1.Which of the following correctly sequences the steps of the scientific method? •a•question, observe, explain, design and conduct experiment, collect and analyze data, report findings •b•observe, question, make a testable explanation, experiment, collect and analyze data, state findings •c •form a hypothesis, observe, investigate a testable question, collect and analyze data, state results •d•design and conduct an investigation based on a testable question, form a hypothesis, collect data, state findings 2.Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates or lipids? • • • • a.N b.C c.H d.O 3.Amino acids are the building blocks of which macromolecule? • • • • a.carbohydrate b.lipid c.DNA d.protein 4.Which statement is a fundamental principle of the cell theory? a.All cells have a (cell) plasma membrane. b.Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells. c.Living organisms are composed of cells. d.The genetic material in cells is DNA. 5.Chloroplasts are organelles that convert light energy to sugars. These organelles are found only in plants. Which organelles are found only in animals? • • • • a.golgi apparatus b.mitochondria c.lysosomes d.ribosomes 6.Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? • a.store and transmit heredity • b.help to fight disease • c.control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes • d.build tissues such as bone and muscle 7.You probably won't find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms? • • • • a.plants b.animals c.fungi d.none of the above 8. Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell? • • • • a.diffusion b.osmosis c.facilitated diffusion d.active transport 9.Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into • • • • a.oxygen. b.high-energy sugars. c.ATP and oxygen. d.oxygen and high-energy sugars. 10. When complex molecules are oxidized in living cells, A. the free energy that was stored in the molecule is converted to chemical energy. B. the energy that is released is in the form of free energy and heat. C. the molecule gains energy. D. ADP can be formed from the transfer of free energy. 11. The products of the light reactions of photosynthesis are • • • • a.H2O, CO2, and ATP. b.NADPH, H2O, and ADP. c.O2, NADPH, and ATP. d.O2, ATP, and CO2. 12. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? • • • • a.ribose + phosphate group + thymine b.ribose + phosphate group + uracil c.deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil d.deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine 13. A granum is a(an) • • • • a.stack of chloroplasts. b.stack of thylakoids. c.membrane enclosing a thylakoid. d.photosynthetic pigment molecule. 14.Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found? • • • • a.in the stroma b.in the thylakoid c.in the ATP d.in the glucose 15.If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to its production of high-energy sugars? • a.More sugars will be produced. • b.Fewer sugars will be produced. • c.The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide. • d.Carbon dioxide does not affect the production of high-energy sugars in plants. 16. The starting molecule for glycolysis is • • • • a.ADP. b.pyruvic acid. c.citric acid. d.glucose. 17. All of the following are sources of energy during exercise EXCEPT • • • • a. ATP. b.alcoholic fermentation. c.lactic acid fermentation. d.cellular respiration. 18.Which of the following best describes the effect of temperature on enzyme activity? • a.For enzyme activity to be high, the cell must become as warm as possible. • b.For enzyme activity to be high, the cell must become as cool as possible. • c.For enzyme activity to be high, the cell must remain within a narrow range of temperatures. • d.Temperature is not important, since the role of enzymes is to overcome the need for activation energy. 19. Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O H2CO3. • • • • A. CO2, H2O, and H2CO3 B.CO2 and H2O C.H2CO3 D.CO2 20. A group of cells that are similar in structure and function are called a/(an) ____. • • • • a.tissue b.organ system c.organ d.organism 21.Why can you not see the nuclear membrane divide during the division of a prokaryote? • • • • a.It is too small. b.It happens too quickly. c.Prokaryotes do not have nuclei. d.You can see it divide. 22.Photosynthesis, fermentation, and cell respiration all • • • • a.produce CO2 and H2O. b.produce ATP molecules. c.involve electron transport systems. d.replace the supply of atmospheric O2. 23.A researcher is interested in the effects of nitrate and phosphate on plant growth and sets up an experiment in which groups of five plants are given 1, 2, and 3 grams of nitrate and 1, 2, and 3 grams of phosphate in all combinations over a period of one month. The researcher measures plant height and weight at the end of the experiment. What is missing in this experimental design? • A. control B. an independent variable • C. dependent variable D. a constant 24. When two amino acids are bonded chemically, • A.energy is released. • B.water is released, dehydration synthesis • C.water is added. • D.carbon dioxide is added. 25. Amino acid is to protein as A.fat is to lipid. B.DNA is to RNA. C.sugar is to fat. D.simple sugar is to starch. • 26.A single carbon atom can form a maximum of how many single covalent bonds? • A.2 B.4 • C.6 D.8 27. In chemical reactions, atoms are • A.created. • B.destroyed. • C.rearranged. • D.neutralized. 28. When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water would be • A.a product. • B.a reactant. • C.both a product and a reactant. • D.neither a product nor a reactant. 29.Which organelle packages proteins before they leave the cell? a. lysosomes b. vaculoe c. golgi bodies d. endoplasmic reticulum 30. Which of the following statements about enzymes is true? • A. Enzymes work best at a specified pH. • B. All enzymes work inside cells. • C. Enzymes are Lipids. • D. Enzymes are slow reactions. 31. What is a major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport? • A. Active transport uses energy. • B. Active transport uses proteins in the process. • C. Facilitated diffusion moves molecules through the plasma membrane. • D. Facilitated diffusion requires large amounts of energy. 32. At what point in the process of diffusion is dynamic equilibrium reached? • A.when the movement of the molecules stops being random • B.when the molecules are mixed and stop moving • C.when the rate of change in the solution slows by one half • D.when there is continuous movement and no overall change 33. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called • A. osmotic pressure. • B. osmosis. • C. facilitated diffusion. • D. active transport. 34.Lactic acid fermentation occurs in • A.bread dough. • B.any environment containing oxygen. • C.muscle cells. • D.mitochondria. 35. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?(2.1A 3.1e) • A.glycolysis fermentation Krebs cycle • B.Krebs cycle electron transport glycolysis • C. glycolysis Krebs cycle electron transport • D. Krebs cycle glycolysis electron transport 36.Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size? • A.chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide • B.cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide • C.nucleotide, chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus • D.cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome 37. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? • • • • A.ribose + phosphate group + thymine B. ribose + phosphate group + uracil C.deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil D.deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine 38. Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell? • • • • • A.glycolysis B.electron transport C.Krebs cycle D.all of the above • 39. Plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called • A.chlorophyll. • B.thylakoids. • C.chloroplasts. • D.glucose. • 40. Which of the following affects the rate of photosynthesis? • A.water • B.temperature • C.light intensity • D.all of these 41. Fairly small polar molecules, such as amino acids and sugars, are a b. c. d. passed freely through the cell membrane. helped into the cell by transport proteins. kept out of the cell by transport proteins. carried across the membrane by water. 42. The enzyme lactase is used to break milk sugar down into a simpler sugar. Which of the following is true regarding lactase? • A. The active site for the reaction can be found on milk sugar. • B. Milk sugar is called the substrate of the reaction. • C. Lactase could probably be used to break down many different sugars in addition to milk sugar. • D. When lactase breaks down milk sugar, the enzyme is destroyed. 43.The functions of the human nephron are • A. fluid filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. • B. elimination of carbon dioxide and nitrogenous wastes. • C. maintenance of water and oxygen balance in the body. • D. filtration of fluid from the blood and elimination of urine. 44. Which of these foods had the lowest concentration of H+ ions? • A. apple, pH 2.9 • B. corn, pH 6.2 • C. bread, pH 5.5 • D. milk, pH 6.6 45. Most plants rely on intracellular digestion because a. they are digesting the food they made themselves in their own cells. b. they lack the necessary enzymes for extracellular digestion. c. they are able to extract more energy from their food when they rely on intracellular digestion. d. they only consume very small molecules that easily fit inside the cell. 46. The ashes left in a wood stove • A. have more energy and more entropy than the wood they came from. • B. have more energy, but less entropy, than the wood they came from. • C. have less energy, but more entropy, than the wood they came from. • D. have less energy and less entropy than the wood they came from. 47. Which stage of Cellular Respiration is the main source of energy for anaerobic yeast cells? • A. glycolysis • B. Krebs cycle • C. electron transport system • D. all three stages 48. What molecule is synthesized as electrons pass between the two photosystems? • A. ATP • B. NADH • C. FADH • D. NADP 49 Why would breathing through gills be a disadvantage to land animals? • A. Gills have too little surface area for gas diffusion in air. • B. Gills would dry out quickly in the air. • C. The animal must remain near a body of water. • D. Air contains too little oxygen for efficient gas exchange. 50. Cells don’t ferment fatty acids because • A. bacteria and yeast cannot metabolize fatty acids. • B. fatty acids contain more energy than glucose. • C. fatty acids have a tendency to decompose completely. • D. fatty acids never pass through the glycolysis stage.