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Endocrine System Hormones Reproduction AP Biology Hormones Why are hormones needed? chemical messages from one body part to cells in other parts of body communication needed to coordinate whole body maintaining homeostasis energy production growth development maturation reproduction Regents Biology growth hormones Endocrine System Endocrine system releases hormones glands which secrete chemical signals into blood chemicals cause changes in other parts of body slow, long-lasting response Regents Biology growth hormones sex hormones response hormones metabolism hormones and more…. Regulation by chemical messengers Neurotransmitters released by neurons Hormones release by endocrine glands endocrine gland neurotransmitter axon hormone carried by blood receptor proteins Regents Biology receptor proteins target cell Glands Pineal Pituitary insulin, glucagon Ovary adrenaline Pancreas thyroxine Adrenal many hormones: master gland Thyroid melatonin estrogen Testes testosterone Regents Biology Feedback Maintaining homeostasis hormone 1 lowers body condition gland high specific body condition low raises body condition Regents Biology gland hormone 2 Negative Feedback Response to changed body condition every time body is high or low from normal level a signal tells the body to make changes that will bring body back to normal level hormone 1 once body is back to normal level, lowers gland signal is body condition turned off high Regents Biology specific body condition Nervous System Control Feedback Controlling Body Temperature nerve signals brain sweat high body temperature low brain constricts surface shiver blood vessels Regents Biology nerve signals dilates surface blood vessels Endocrine System Control Regulation of Blood Sugar Feedback insulin liver stores sugar body cells take up sugar from blood pancreas high liver blood sugar level (90mg/100ml) low triggers hunger Regents Biology liver releases sugar liver pancreas glucagon reduces appetite Negative Feedback Negative feedback every time body is high or low from normal level a signal tells the body to make changes that will bring body back body temperature control of blood sugar Regents Biology Any Questions?? AP Biology