Download b. Thucydides wrote abou

460-429 BC Pericles
is ruler
The Olympics
Philosophy:
Socrates
Plato
Aristole
Art:
a. Temples like Parthenon for
Athena
b.Sculpture: ideal human form
Literature:
a. Drama (tragedy and comedy)
b. Poetry (Epic poetry by Homer
Illiad and Odyssey)
History:
Study of human action:
a. Herodotus
"Father of history"
b. Thucydides wrote about
Peloponnesian War
Math:
a. Pathagorus: a2+b2=c2
b. Euclid= geometric proofs
c. Archimedes= value of pi
Science:
Hippocrates "Father of medicine"
natural not supernatural causes.
Greek Culture
Identify by defining and giving an example
Tragedy
•
Serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, or betrayal. Featured a main character, or tragic hero. Hero
was important person and gifted with extraordinary abilities. Tragic incident would decrease the hero’s downfall. This is
known as excessive pride or hubris. Ex. Oedipus Rex and Antigone by Sophocles.
comedy
•
Filled with slapstick situations and crude humor. Playwrights often made fun of politics and respected people and
ideas of the ancient times. ex: The Birds and Lysistrata by Aristophanes.
What was the Peloponnesian War? What effect did it have?
•
Between the two city states Athens and Sparta. Athens consisted of a stronger navy but Sparta had a more excelled
army, and its location inland sought to be not easily attacked by sea. Pericles at the time was the city’s noble ruler,
strategy was to avoid land battles among the Spartan army and wait for the right opportunity to strike against Sparta and
its allies from sea. Spartans marched into Athenian territory by destroying everything and leaving nothing behind and
restored. As time passed, a plague swept through the entire city, killing the Athenian people and its population decreased.
421 BC two sides are done with war and sign a truce. Athenians came back making a fleet of many soldiers to Sparta’s
wealthiest ally Syracuse. Its journey ended with a threshing defeat in 413 BC. Athens had lost their empire, power, and
wealth.
3. Identify by writing a few sentences about each person.
Socrates
Philosopher, critic, and teacher. Believed absolute standards did exist for truth and justice. 399 B.C. brought ti trial for
corrupting the youth of Athens and neglecting its gods. His teachings were good for Athens and had people the question
in their mind values and actions. Was condemned to death by the disagree of the Jury.
Plato
Philosopher and student of Socrates. Wrote down conversations of Socrates “Philosophical investigation”. 370’S B.C.
wrote most famous work, “The Republic”. Among it meant a governed society. Writings dominated philosophic thought
in Europe for 1,500 years. Born into a wealthy Athenian family. Wrote dialogues about Socrates.
Aristotle
Philosopher and was a pupil of Plato. Questioned the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge.
Invented a method of arguing to rules of logic. Applied method in fields of psychology, physics, and biology. Work
provides basis of scientific method today. Taught Alexander a pupil of his and son of King Philip the second of
Macedonia. Son of physician and brightest students of Plato. Starts his own school (Lyceum)