Download File - Mr. Lloyd`s 7th grade science!

NAME______________________________________
Date______________________
Section 2-4 “Global Heat Balance Review and Weather Analysis”
Part I – “Review on Global Heat Balance”
1.) Due to Earth’s small tilt with respect to its axis of rotation, the _________________________
receives much more energy (heat) from the sun than the ________________________ regions.
2.) The role of mid-latitude (where we live) synoptic (broad) weather systems is to remove
temperature and density gradient by transporting (or advecting) warm air
______________________________________ and cold air
_________________________________.
3.) The temperature and pressure gradients are continuously removed through the interaction of
upper-level waves in the __________________________________with large scale
______________________ and _________________________ pressure systems near the surface.
Jet Streams steer/intensify High and Low pressure systems at the surface.
4.) Air moves naturally in motion due to different __________________________or
________________________________ differences within the Earth’s atmosphere.
5.) Convective Currents: are produced through
1.)_____________________________________________
2.)________________________________________
3.)_________________________________________________!!!!
6.) Advection of the wind moves cool air _____________________________ warm air, or warm
air ________________________________cool air. This is because warm air is less dense than
the cooler air (more water vapor in warm air).
7.) Increase in temperature cause a column of air to
_____________________________________.
8.) When surrounding air cools the air pressure near the surface
____________________________.
Part II – “The Movement of Air Masses”
9.) Changing weather conditions are caused by the movement of
____________________________________________.
_______________________________________ form over large areas of Earth's surface, and
take on the general temperature and moisture characteristics of the area over which they form.
10.) As air masses move, they can collide with one another. The boundary along which two air
masses meet is called a ______________________________________. Changing weather
conditions are common along _________________________________________. Different types
of _________________________________________bring different characteristic weather
conditions.
11.) _________________________________ are air masses that form over large bodies of water.
12.) _________________________________ are air masses that form over large land surfaces.
13.) A ________________________________________ pressure system is a clockwise whirling
mass of cool, dry air that generally brings fair weather and light winds.
14.) A _________________________________ pressure system is a counter-clockwise whirling
mass of warm, moist air that generally brings stormy weather with strong winds.
15.) Clouds such as ______________________________ and
____________________________________ occur within low pressure systems, tornadoes and
lighting can also occur.
16.) A boundary between two air masses of different density, moisture, or temperature is called
__________________________________________.
17.) ____________________________________ form when a cold air mass moves under a warm
air mass, which is less dense, and pushes air up (produces thunderstorms heavy rain or snow).
Cumulus and Cirrus clouds are most common within this type of front.
18.) Some effects from cold fronts can be
__________________________________________________.
19.) ___________________________________________ is defined as the leading edge of a
warm air mass overtaking a cooler, slower air mass. Stratus Clouds are most common with this
type of front.
20.) Some effects from warm fronts can be
___________________________________________________.
21.) ______________________________________________ is formed when a cold front
overtakes a warm front and in the process "cuts off” the warm front from contact with the ground
and heat source.
22.) ______________________________________ is a boundary between two different air
masses, neither of which is strong enough to replace the other.
23.) A ___________________________________on a weather map is an elongated area of
relatively low pressure. _________________________________ bring cloudy and rainy weather.
24.) ________________________________ provides the basic lifecycle of low pressure systems
in the mid-latitudes.
25.) There are 5 stages within the Norwegian cyclone model, which include:
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
Part III “Cloud Formation”
26.) ____________________________are formed when warm, moist air is forced vertically in
the atmosphere (by convection or fronts), cools, and some of the water vapor in the air condenses
to form droplets of liquid water.
27.) Some cloud condensation nuclei consist of ______________________ and
_______________________.
28.) __________________________________ is the amount (percentage) of water vapor the air
is holding compared to the amount it could hold
29.) _______________________________ is the temperature at which air is saturated and
condensation forms
30.) _____________________________ roughly reside above 18,000 feet (usually higher). Are
wispy, feathery clouds made of ice crystals that form at high levels. Usually seen about 24-48
hours before cumulus cloud formation.
31.) ___________________________________ roughly reside at 6,000 feet or above. They are
the type of cloud that is puffy or heaped in appearance and has distinct edges. Can produce severe
weather. Linked with high amounts of water vapor and heat.
32.) ____________________________________ roughly reside below 6,000 feet. Clouds that
form in low, horizontal layers and blankets the sky. Linked with stationary and warm fronts.
33.) _____________________= rain clouds
_____________________= Heaped clouds
_____________________= High Altitude clouds
_____________________= Mid – Altitude clouds
_____________________= A combining form
34.) ____________________________________ is a cloud of a class characterized by large dark,
rounded masses, usually in groups, lines, or waves, the individual elements being larger than
those in altocumulus and the whole being at a lower altitude, usually below 8000 feet (2400
meters). Strati means a combining source.
35.) ______________________________________ is a middle-level cloud located between
6,500 and 20,00 feet, Altocumulus clouds are either banded or rounded in formation. Sometimes,
they look like balls of cotton stuck into the blue background of the sky, while other times they
look like rows. Often, these clouds have shadows or dark areas and can sometimes signal bad
weather is approaching. They are made of water whereas high-level clouds are made of ice.
36.) ____________________________________ is a cirri form cloud of a class characterized by
thin, white patches, each of which is composed of very small granules or ripples: of high altitude,
about 20,000–40,000 feet (6000–12,000 meters). Cirri meaning combining form.
37.) __________________________________ is a cloud of a class characterized by a generally
uniform gray sheet or layer, lighter in color than nimbostratus and darker than cirrostratus: of
medium altitude, about 8000–20,000 feet (2450–6100 meters).
38.) ____________________________________________ a cloud of a class indicative of
thunderstorm conditions, characterized by large, dense towers that often reach altitudes of 30,000
feet (9000 meters) or more, cumuliform except for their tops, which appear fibrous because of the
presence of ice crystals: occurs as a single cloud or as a group with merged bases and separate
tops.
Part IV – “How do Meteorologists Study and Predict Weather”
39.) __________________________ is an expert in or student of meteorology; a weather
forecaster.
40.) Meteorologists use a variety of technologies to study weather including
______________________, _________________________, __________________________,
_____________________________, ____________________________. Meteorologists also use
simpler tools, such as rain gauges, thermometers, barometers and anemometers at ground stations.
41.) ____________________________________ is the application of science and technology to
predict the state of the atmosphere for a given location.
42.) For viewing large weather systems on a worldwide scale, ______________________are
extremely useful. ____________________________________ show cloud formations, large
weather events such as hurricanes, and other global weather systems such as Tornadoes.
43.) Using _________________________________, meteorologists can get a picture of
precipitation that allows them to track a storm's progress over time. This is one of the main tools
to track and forecast Tornado/supercell Events.
44.) ______________________________ is an instrument released into the atmosphere that
records temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed and direction. The
______________________________________ measures a vertical profile of the atmosphere.
45.) Forecasters use ___________________________________ to predict the present and future
weather patterns within the earths Troposphere. Many different levels are used within
___________________________________ analysis. Example: 300 mb, 500 mb, 700 mb, 850
mb, 925 mb, and surface.
46.) ________________________ and __________________________ are lines on weather
maps, which represent patterns of pressure and temperature, respectively. They show how
temperature and pressure are changing over space and so help describe the large-scale weather
patterns across a region in the map.
47.) _____________________________ is used to fly into or near hurricanes/tornadoes.
Forecasters can drop ______________________________which measure temperature, wind,
pressure, and humidity.
***Go to rss.discoveryeducation.com*** Fill out the following essay questions. Hint: Look
under the Explore and Evaluate Tabs!
48.) How do meteorologists study and predict weather?
49.) How does the movement of air masses affect weather?
50.) How do clouds and rain form?