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Name______________________________________Class Period___________________Date______________________ STUDY GUIDE: Climate and Weather WATER IN THE AIR: 1. Water that falls to the Earth’s surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail ____________________________ 2. Amount of water vapor in the air ___________________________ 3. Collection of water droplets suspended in the air _______________________________ 4. Amount of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum it can hold ____________________ CLOUDS: 5. What happens when air reaches its dew point? 6. What kinds of weather would cumulonimbus clouds bring? 7. High clouds made of ice crystals are called _____________________ clouds. 8. Clouds that cover large areas and produce many days of drizzily rain. AIR PRESSURE: 9. Area of HIGH pressure where air moves apart and sinks ________________________ 10. Area of LOW pressure where air masses meet and rise _________________________ 11. How do winds behave in a cyclone? 12. What kind of weather would an anticyclone bring? AIR MASSES: 13. The diagram above represents the meeting of two air masses. The air mass on the left formed over a polar region and the air mass on the right formed over a tropical region. Which type of front is pictured in the diagram? 14. Which of the following describes and air mass with the symbol cT? 15. Prevailing winds that travel to a region across a large body of water would probably make the region’s climate ______________________. 16. Where does a continental polar air mass forms? 17. What does a maritime tropical air mass contain? FRONTS: 18. What kind of weather is associated with this type of front as the front approaches an area? Label: (Cold Front, Warm Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front) 19.________________________________________ 21. _____________________________________________ 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 20. ________________________________________________ 22. _______________________________________ What is the boundary between different air masses called? What happens when two air masses from different areas meet? How does a warm front form? What kind of weather would an occluded front likely bring? What is the kind of front that forms when a warm front air mass is trapped between cold air masses and is forced to rise? 28. What kind of weather does a stationary front bring? SEVERE WEATHER: 29. Lightening is an electric discharge between a positively charged area and _________________________________________. 30. What is a storm surge is a dangerous part of? 31. What does warm ocean water do to a hurricane? 32. What is the best way to describe a hurricane? 33. How does a hurricane begin? 34. What are the ways to be safe during a thunderstorm? 35. Why do thunderstorms and tornadoes in the U.S. happen in the spring and early summer? 36. What makes tornadoes so dangerous? WEATHER VS. CLIMATE: 37. What kind of conditions vary from day to day? 38. What causes weather patterns? 39. What causes changes in weather? 40. What is the average weather condition in an area over a long period of time called? 41. What does latitude measure? 42. Why is the temperature at the equator warmer than the temperature at the poles? 43. What causes seasons? 44. How does a large body of water affect nearby land? 45. Why would you NOT notice a change in climate? 46. What are factors that affects climate? 47. What makes a city a microclimate? 48. What can cause a change in the climate due to dust particles? Match: (Spring, Fall, Summer, Winter) Explain what is occurring in the graph below: Label: ( temperate, polar, tropical)