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Download USA Homefront PPOINT #9
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1941 War Powers Act • Gave president sweeping powers to conduct the war • Censorship allowed, though media generally censored themselves Marshall and Mobilization • Army underfunded and underdeveloped in late 1930s • Marshall became Army Chief of Staff Office of War Information “The Voice of America” • 1942 • Coordinated release of war news • Promoted patriotism • Recruit women into factory work • Propaganda program Guardsmen carry Sewell Avery, president of Montgomery Ward, from his office for failing to comply with NWLR rulings Liberty Ships • Usually cargo ships • Many sections prefabricated • By 1943, three entered service daily The War’s Economic Impact • • • • • • • • • GDP more than doubled Wages and salaries nearly tripled Federal civilian employment more than tripled Female employment up by a third Labor union membership grew by over 50 percent National debt ballooned by over 600 percent South saw great prosperity West became economic powerhouse African American population shifts The Women’s Army Corps • Marshall noted British success in using women for noncombat duties • Congress created Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps in 1942 All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) Women began to expand into all different aspects of life, including baseball! This propaganda poster displays typical American-held stereotypes of the Japanese A map of relocation centers in the western U.S. Despite this Oakland, California, grocer’s sign, he was interned and his business sold • Forced to sell homes, businesses, property…Lost an estimated $2 billion • Poor conditions: Barbed-wire enclosures, Barracks with cots and no plumbing, Meager food budget, Low temperatures • Manzanar Life in the Camps Civil Liberties Act of 1988 • Sponsored by a former internee • Paid $20,000 to each surviving internee • Government apologized Tuskegee Airmen Tuskegee Airmen The Bracero Program • Established due to wartime labor shortage • Experienced Mexican laborers brought in for CA farm work; expanded nationwide • Reported human rights abuses • Lawsuits filed to collect savings withheld from braceros’ pay Moving Ahead ►America emerges as the worlds dominant economic and military power ►BUT new problems and social changes are on the horizon
