Download A103 Anatomy and Physiology

A103 Anatomy and Physiology
Module Synopsis
The A103 Anatomy and Physiology module poses triggers that will stimulate the students to appreciate
the order by which human body is organized. This module allows students to appreciate the holistic
aspects of the human biological systems. It also gives the students a fundamental understanding of
how the various systems in the human body function together to maintain balance.
Module Objectives
Following are the content related abilities strengthened by the curricular processes of the module:
Structure of the Human Body
Students will be able to:

Identify the major components of the human body

Recognize the location of the different parts in the body

Recognize that the basic anatomical make up of the human body is the cell, which forms the tissues
and organs.

Appreciate how the individual cells and organs are separated by membranes

Understand the major divisions of the skeletal system

Locate the three different muscles (skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle) in the body and
appreciate the difference in their structures

Name the various divisions of the nervous system (central and peripheral nervous system) and
appreciate the structures (neurons) that make up the nervous system

Classify the different glands (exocrine and endocrine glands) in the body; identify the various
endocrine glands and explain the difference between steroid and non-steroid hormones

Identify the components of the conducting passages of the respiratory system (ribs, intercostal
muscles, lungs, diaphragm, bronchus, alveoli)

Understand the different sections of the digestive system and identify the organs found at different
sections. Appreciate the general structure of the digestive system and the 4 layers of tissue that
makes up the digestive tract.

Appreciate the major components of the cardiovascular system; Classify blood vessels based on
their structure; Acknowledge how blood is used as a transport for nutrients and gases

Examine the difference between the lymphatic system and the cardiovascular system and
appreciate how these two system are connected; Identify the different fluid compartments in the
body
Strictly Confidential. For Articulation Purpose Only.

Identify the different components that makes up the urinary system, and their locations

Appreciate surface anatomy, it’s uses and descriptions; Be able to identify important body
landmarks.
Function of the Human Body
Students will be able to:

Relate the different components of the human body to their respective functions

Understand the role of the different components of human body

Appreciate how each part of the body works to sustain the body

Recognize which of the different components are involved to achieve a function specific function.
(Example: Bone and muscles work together to obtain movement)

Appreciate how the various components work together to maintain balance (Example: Endocrine
organs and the nerves would regulate the body’s processes to maintain homeostasis)

Appreciate the different processes in the bone development and how the bone contributes to the
development of blood and serves to protect the vital organs in the body.

Understand the processes of muscle contraction and how it can lead to movement

Describe how the divisions of the nervous system work together and appreciate the cascade of
signal transmission (receptor  processor  effector); explain how the nervous system is involved
in moving the different parts of the body.

Appreciate how the hormones act as a chemical signals and causing a series of reactions or
activating another endocrine gland to produce another hormone

Appreciate the mechanics of the ventilation system; how gaseous exchange occurs and its
importance in sustaining life

Appreciate how the different parts of the digestive system break down different nutrients
(carbohydrate, fat, protein); Examine how food are being broken down; Explain how the broken
down materials are absorbed and eliminated

Explain how blood carries the nutrients and gases and circulates them around the body, and the
vital role of blood and the cardiovascular system in maintaining homeostasis; Appreciate the
cardiac cycle and heart rate

Appreciate the movement of fluids in the body between cardiovascular system and lymphatic
system; and explain the importance of fluid balance

Explain how the urinary system is involved in fluid and salt balance. Apply how hormones from the
endocrine glands are involved in regulating the salt and water balance in the body
Strictly Confidential. For Articulation Purpose Only.

Appreciate the use of surface anatomy to locate and identify key body landmarks; understand the
use of surface anatomy in surgery, physiotherapy and medicine.
This module is used as foundation for students taking higher level modules in the medical technology
and biomedical sciences track. They are able to use the information from this module and apply them
in modules such as Hematology, Clinical Chemistry, Histopathology and Medical Microbiology, Cell
Cycle & Oncology, Proteomics, Genomics and Structural Biology. This module helps the students to
make better comparisons between normal human body functions and the pathological scenarios found
in other modules.
After completing the module the students will be able to
1. The students will be able to appreciate the complexity and order of "design" in living systems.
2. Have a basic understanding of how the organ systems are coordinated for the maintenance of
homeostasis and work together as an integrated whole.
3. The students would have acquired a basic and broad understanding of the structures and functions
of the components of each of the following systems in the human body: nervous, sensory,
endocrine, circulatory, lymphatic, respiratory, urinary.
Strictly Confidential. For Articulation Purpose Only.
Module Syllabus
Module Coverage
Levels of Organization:
 Cells, tissues, organs & systems
Directional Anatomy
Skeletal system (Human body’s
frame work)
Muscular system
Movement and Support (The
Skeletal-Muscular System)
Maintaining balance
Tissues (Human Skin)
Distributing Food/oxygen and
Deriving Energy From It:
 Digestion
 Respiration
 Cardiovascular system
Communication system:
 Nervous system
 Endocrine system in maintaining
homeostasis
 Circulatory & lymphatic system
Maintaining water balance
 Urinary system
Surface Anatomy:
Total = 15 Problems = 92 hours
Allocated time per day
(One day-One problem PBL pedagogy)
Discussions in
Resource
Formal Lab
Study Cluster
gathering and
Experiment
team work
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Strictly Confidential. For Articulation Purpose Only.
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