Download What happens to carbon atoms and chemical energy

Environmental Literacy Project
Michigan State University
Decomposers Unit
Lesson 3 Activity 2
Fungi Digestion and Biosynthesis
How can a fungus digest food without
a digestive system?
Digesting OUTSIDE the Body
• Fungi can break down polymers (large organic
molecules) OUTSIDE their bodies
• The cells in the hyphae send out digestive
enzymes that break the polymer into
monomers (small organic molecules)
• The small monomers then can enter the cells
of the hyphae and travel through the
mycelium
Decomposers use food in two ways
Materials
for growth:
Biosynthesis
Food
Digestion
Energy:
Cellular
respiration
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The Movement Question
Where are atoms
moving from?
Where are atoms
moving to?
Which atoms and molecules move during
digestion and biosynthesis?
amino acids
protein
How do amino acids and protein move during
digestion?
amino acids
protein
What happens inside the fungus cell
during biosynthesis?
Chemical
change
Organic molecules
LARGE = Polymer
SMALL = Monomers
STARCH
GLUCOSE
(SUGAR)
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Comparing molecules in dead stuff
fungi eat
STARCH
LIPIDS (FAT)
PROTEIN
GLUCOSE
(SUGAR)
CELLULOSE (FIBER)
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Monomers (small organic molecules)
Red paperclip = amino acid
Blue paperclip = glucose
Green paperclip = fatty acid
Purple paperclip = glycerol
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Build food (dead stuff) molecules
Build a STARCH molecule by linking together 6
glucose monomers.
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Build food (dead stuff) molecules
Build a FAT molecule by linking 3 fatty acid
monomers to 1 glycerol molecule.
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Build food (dead stuff) molecules
Build PROTEIN molecules by linking 5 amino acid
monomers.
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Build food (dead stuff) molecules
One type of carbohydrate is cellulose, also called
fiber. Build a FIBER molecule by linking together
6 glucose monomers.
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Food (dead stuff) polymers
(large organic molecules)
LIPIDS (FAT) =link 3
fatty acid monomers
to 1 glycerol
PROTEIN = 5
amino acid
monomers
STARCH = 6 glucose
monomers
CELLULOSE
(FIBER) = 6
glucose
monomers
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Place large
food
molecules
(dead stuff)
here in trunk
Food
molecules
are dead
things like
stumps
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Get ready to
digest the
food
molecules
here
Food is
digested by
fungal
enzymes
outside the
fungi’s body
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Breakdown Food Molecules (Digestion)
Let’s focus on what happens to PROTEIN in food
for fungi (dead stuff).
(Put the other food molecules to the side of the poster for now.)
Digest PROTEIN molecules by breaking the
protein into individual amino acids.
Chemical
change
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Breakdown Food Molecules (Digestion)
Digest STARCH molecules by breaking the starch
into individual glucose monomers.
Chemical
change
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Breakdown Food Molecules (Digestion)
Digest FAT molecules by breaking the fat into
individual fatty acid and glycerol monomers.
Chemical
change
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Breakdown Food Molecules (Digestion)
Digest FIBER molecules by breaking the cellulose
into individual glucose monomers.
Chemical
change
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Small molecules are
taken up and
transported by
fungal hyphae
Move the
small
molecules
through the
fungal
hyphae
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Digested Monomers:
where do they go?
glucose
glycerol
fatty acid
amino acid
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Build large
molecules
here
Biosynthesis is the
process of small
organic molecules
becoming large
organic molecules
in all body parts
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What’s in a fungi (mushroom)?
PROTEIN
Mushrooms
FIBER
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Build a mushroom (Biosynthesis)
Build PROTEIN molecules by linking 5 amino acid
monomers.
Chemical
change
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Build mushroom (Biosynthesis)
Build FIBER molecules by linking 5 glucose
monomers.
Chemical
change
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What happens to food monomers that are not
used in biosynthesis?
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…put carbon dioxide
from the cellular
respiration now outside
the mushroom
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Identify chemical energy
at an atomic molecular scale:
Which molecules have chemical energy?
Food
molecules:
Digested
monomers in
mushroom’s
body:
Example:
FAT
Example:
AMINO ACID
Mushroom
polymer
molecules:
Example:
PROTEIN
Fungi food, dead
stuff (tree trunk):
Example:
CARBOHYDRATES
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Identify where chemical energy is
located (macroscopic scale):
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Protein polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Amino acid
monomers
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Protein polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Amino acid
monomers
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in biosynthesis?
Chemical change
Amino acid
monomers
Protein polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in biosynthesis?
Chemical change
Amino acid
monomers
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Protein polymer
(+ water)
Products
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Digestion and biosynthesis of fats and
carbohydrates (Optional)
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Fat
(+ water)
Reactants
Fatty acids
+ glycerol
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Fat
(+ water)
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Fatty acids
+ glycerol
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in biosynthesis?
Chemical change
Fatty acids
+ glycerol
Fat
(+ water)
Reactants
Products
40
What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in biosynthesis?
Chemical change
Fatty acids
+ glycerol
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Fat
(+ water)
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Starch polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Glucose monomers
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Starch polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Glucose monomers
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Cellulose polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Glucose monomers
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in digestion?
Chemical change
Cellulose polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Glucose monomers
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in biosynthesis?
Chemical change
Glucose
monomers
Starch polymer
(+ water)
Reactants
Products
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What happens to carbon
atoms and chemical
energy in biosynthesis?
Chemical change
Glucose
monomers
Reactants
Carbon atoms stay in
organic molecules with
high-energy bonds
Starch polymer
(+ water)
Products
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How do fungi digest dead plants?
Where are atoms moving from?
What molecules are carbon atoms in
before the change?
What other molecules are involved?
What forms of energy are in the
reactants?
Where are atoms moving to?
Chemical
change
What molecules are carbon atoms in
after the change?
What other molecules are produced?
What forms of energy are in the
products?
Remember: Atoms last forever and Energy lasts forever
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How do fungi grow?
Where are atoms moving from?
What molecules are carbon atoms in
before the change?
What other molecules are involved?
What forms of energy are in the
reactants?
Where are atoms moving to?
Chemical
change
What molecules are carbon atoms in
after the change?
What other molecules are produced?
What forms of energy are in the
products?
Remember: Atoms last forever and Energy lasts forever
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