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Making Music
A Review of dynamics and
other musical expressions
and markings.
Ms. Pair
Essential Questions
 What are dynamics?
 What is tempo?
 What is phrasing?
 What are some musical terms used
to describe dynamics, tempo, and
phrasing?
Dynamics…
Dynamics are musical markings
that let a musician know how
loud or how soft to play or sing.
Dynamics…
Term:
Symbol:
Effect:
Pianissimo
pp
Very Soft
Piano
p
Soft
Mezzo piano
mp
Medium Soft
Mezzo forte
mf
Medium Loud
Forte
f
Loud
Fortissimo
ff
Very Loud
Crescendo
Gradually Become
Louder
Decrescendo
Gradually Become
softer
Dynamics Practice…
Now let’s practice
dynamics. We will clap
each example in
multiple dynamics. We
will start with pp and
work our way to ff!
Tempo…
Tempo is the speed or pace of a
piece of music. When learning a
new piece, tempo is often kept with
a metronome.
Common Tempo Markings…
Term:
Meaning:
Lento
Slowly
Adagio
Slow and stately
Moderato
Moderately
Accelerando
Gradually accelerating
Allegro
Fast, quickly and bright
Vivace
Lively and fast
Presto
Extremely fast
Meno Mosso
Less movement, slower
Ritardando
Slowing down gradually
Rubato
Free
A Tempo
Return to the original tempo
Colla Voce
With the voice, follow the voice (usually used
for accompaniment following a solo voice)
Phrasing…
Phrasing is how a piece of music
is interpreted. It is the expressive
shaping of music. Phrasing can be
indicated by markings in the music
or by the conductor. Phrasing can
include expressive markings,
breath marks, pauses, changes in
dynamics, and changes in tempo.
Common Words Used When
Talking About Phrasing…
Term:
Meaning:
Legato
“Tied together,” musical notes that are
played or sung without breathing or
disconnecting the sound
Staccato
“Detached,” this symbol shortens the
length of a note
Slur
A symbol that links notes of different
pitches together
Tie
A symbol that links notes of the same
pitch together
Accent
Emphasis on a note, word, or phrase
Crescendo
Gradually increase in volume
Decrescendo
Gradually decrease in volume
Accelerando
Gradually increase in tempo
Ritardando
Gradually decrease in tempo
Phrasing Continued…
How to Play Like an Artist: An
Introduction to Phrasing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HLxJVSe
CCLI
Phrasing Practice…
Now let’s practice
phrasing. We will sight
read the examples
working with different
phrasings like legato
or staccato or by taking
our breaths in different
places.
On Your Own…
For homework, you will each be
given one page of music. Circle
dynamics, tempo markings, and
other musical symbols and
vocabulary and define them. What
is that p? What does Presto mean?
What are those hairpin symbols?
See if you can do it without my
help!