Download 2016-2017 Evolution scenarios KEY

Home Groups:
After learning about each category from the experts, match the following scenarios to the appropriate term using
the word bank provided.
Word bank: convergent evolution
divergent evolution
co-evolution
punctuated equilibrium
1. Antarctica fish contain a glycoprotein molecule that circulates in their blood and
keeps them from freezing. Certain kinds of worms that live in the Arctic ocean
also make antifreeze proteins that help them live in icy water.
2. Ants are the correct size and weight needed to open the flowers for the peony
plant. The peony plant provides food for the ant and the ant fertilizes the peony’s
flowers
3. Horse evolution shows long stable periods of little evolution interrupted by brief
periods of rapid change.
4. A kit fox lives in the desert and has large ears with greater surface area that
keep the fox from getting overheated. The red fox lives in the forest and has a
red coat that keeps it camouflaged.
5. Hummingbirds have a beak just the right length to reach the nectar in a cardinal
flower and as they feed their foreheads bump into the pollen structure. Cardinal
flowers are red which hummingbirds can see but bees can’t. Cardinal flower’s
pollen structure is just the right length for the hummingbird to pick up pollen as it
feeds.
6. Whales, sharks, and penguins all have streamlined bodies and fins/flippers for
moving in water even though they belong in different classes of animals (mammals,
fish, and birds).
7. The Galάpagos tortoises share a common ancestor, but have necks of different
lengths to best reach the food they need in their environment.
8. Adaptive radiation is also known as _________________.
CONVERGENT
EVOLUTION
9. Abrupt appearance of new species in the fossil records
PUNCTUATED
EQUILIBRIUM
COEVOULTION
PUNCTUATED
EQUILIBRIUM
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
COEVOLUTION
CONVERGENT
EVOLUTION
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
10. The Galάpogos finches evolved through natural selection from a common
ancestor into a wide variety of different looking species.
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
11. Ostriches (birds) and giraffes (mammals) are both native to the savannahs of
Africa. They share the same characteristic of a very long neck.
CONVERGENT
EVOLUTION
12. The beaver in North America and the capybara in South America share a
common ancestor, but have evolved over time to look different.
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
13. Ostriches are native to the savannahs of Africa, while penguins live in the polar
regions. Although ostriches and penguins are closely-related, they look very
different.
14. Bees don’t see red, but do see yellow, blue, and Ultra-violet light. Thus, beepollinated flowers are mostly yellow or blue with UV nectar guides (landing
patterns) to guide the bee. They usually have a small, narrow floral tube to fit the
tongue-length of that species of bee.
DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
COEVOLUTION
Pre and Post Zygotic barriers:
Word bank: geographic isolation
behavioral isolation
reduced hybrid viability
ecological/habitat isolation
temporal isolation
mechanical isolation
gametic isolation
reduced hybrid fertility (hybrid sterility)
hybrid breakdown
Label each of your answers as “pre” or “post”.
15. Male fireflies of one species signal females of the same species by blinking
BEHAVIORAL ISOLATION
their lights in a specific pattern. Other firefly species have different patterns.
16. Sperm of one sponge species cannot penetrate the egg of a closely related
GAMETIC ISOLATION
species.
17. Mules – hybrid offspring between a horse and a donkey – are infertile.
REDUCED HYBRID FERTILITY
/ HYBRID STERILITY
18. One species of garter snake is primary aquatic, and a closely related species
HABITAT ISOLATION
is primarily terrestrial.
19. Nearly all embryos die when eggs of a bullfrog are fertilized artificially with
REDUCED HYBRID VIABILITY
a sperm from a leopard frog.
20. Two cotton species produce fertile hybrids but the next generation is
HYBRID BREAKDOWN
infertile.
21. One species of spotted skunk mates in late summer, and another species
TEMPORAL ISOLATION
mates in late winter.
22. The copulatory organs of two insect species do not fit together.
MECHANICAL ISOLATION
23. Some species of frogs in the genus Rana may interbreed, however the
REDUCED HYBRID VIABILITY
offspring usually do not complete development and those that do are frail.
24. In Cichlid fish, the second generation demonstrate lower viability than the
HYBRID BREAKDOWN
first generation and show a decreased survival rate.
25. Tapeworms are parasites that can be found in the intestines of different
HABITAT ISOLATION
mammals.
26. Different flowers may bloom at different times of the day which will
TEMPORAL ISOLATION
influence pollination.
27. Occasionally the pollen (sperm) of one flower is transferred to the stigma
GAMETIC ISOLATION
(female part) of another flower species. When the pollen comes in contact with a
different species it will not germinate.
28. Black Sage flower accepts smaller bees for pollination. White Sage flower
accommodates larger bees because of its longer petals and stamens (male parts).
Smaller bees will not come in contact with the stamens of the White Sage
flower.
MECHANICAL ISOLATION